The Internet Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the internet?
The internet is a global computer network that provides a large variety of information and communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols.
Internet is an acronym for…
…International Network for Communication
What was the first simulation of the internet called?
APRAnet
When was ARPAnet developed?
1969
Who developed ARPAnet?
The Advanced Research Projects Agency, an agency of the United State’s Department of Defence
How many mainframe computers did ARPAnet connect?
Four
Why was ARPAnet developed?
To decentralize the storage of information during the war for safety purposes
What does TCP/IP mean?
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
What is TCP/IP?
It refers to a set pf rules for message formats and procedures that allow machines and application programs exchange information. It thus, carefully defines how information moves from sender to receiver.
How are ‘messages’ transmitted with TCP/IP?
The internet requires large transmissions of data be broken down into small chunks called packets. TCP/IP identifies each packet with its own electronic label and mailing address. The packets are then routed through the network from computer and are reassembled at their destination.
Features of the internet
- No central authority or computer
- All users can be treated as equal
- Runs slowly when overloaded
- Regulation of objectionable content is almost impossible
- Transmission can be slow
Internet Software Tools
Email Internet Discussion Groups File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Telnet Web Browsers
What are internet discussion groups?
They are accessible on the internet even if they are not part of it and allow people to create discussion groups and communicate via email
E.g. Listserv, Usenet
What is a FTP?
It is a standard network protocol that is used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network.
What is Telnet?
It is a protocol that allows you to connect to remote computers (hosts) over a TCP/IP network like the internet.
What are web browsers?
They are tools for retrieving, presenting and transversing information resources on the world wide web.
What is the world wide web?
It refers to resources that can be accessed on the internet via servers. These resources are on servers.
What are cookies?
They track user behaviour on a web browser to optimize user experience on the web. They note visited pages, navigation activities, etc.
What is the cache?
It records visited pages and media on web pages such that reloading of the page or media becomes easier. It also comprises user login details, passwords, form details, etc.
What is intranet?
It is a private network accessible to only a small group of people, such as the members of staff of an organization. It gives access to the company’s information.
What are the features of intranet?
- Contains staff’s personal details
- Can be used to publish content for use within the organisation only
- Training courses can be found there
- Online chats and meetings as regards the organization can be done on it
What is extranet?
It is a form of intranet but it is extended to allow restricted access by third parties such as customers, suppliers or distributors
Features of extranet
- Contains staff’s personal details
- Can be used to publish content for use within the organisation only
- Training courses can be found there
- Online chats and meetings as regards the organization can be done on it
- Communication with parties outside the organization is allowed.
