Data Processing Flashcards
(37 cards)
What is data processing?
It involves the use of application programs to manipulate collected input data to obtain a desired output such as audio/video, graphic, etc.
What are the types of data processing?
Batch Real time Online Distributed Time Sharing
Batch processing
The system collects data and processes it in bulk or batches at a later time. It is suitable for accounting and business applications. Human interference required and high volume of data but rigid.
Real time processing
Data is processed almost immediately it is inputted. It gives results immediately and is useful where time is critical, e.g. ATM, Hotel reservation
Online processing
A type of real-time processing, done over the internet. It may not be as instant as real time but output is still fast, e.g. cloud computing.
What is another name for real time processing?
Stream processing
Time Sharing
Common with mainframe computers, time is shared among different users to get access to a particular CPU. CPU time is shared among all the jobs that need to be done.
Distributed Data Processing
Here, multiple computers sharing the same communication network across different locations share data processing capability. Servers do the actual data processing.
What is a computer network?
It refers to the interaction or linking of different independent or semi-independent computers for sharing of resources.
What are the types of computer networks?
Hierarchical network
Peer To Peer network
Local Area Network
Wide Area Network
Hierarchical network
Here, there is a centralized processing unit on a host, usually a mainframe or minicomputer. Others access the host through satellite terminals called dumb terminals because they cannot do any processing by themselves.
Processing and control functions are performed at several levels by computers specially suited for the functions performed at each level, e.g. bottling industry, hospital automation, etc
Peer To Peer Network
It is a distributed application structure that partitions tasks or work between peers which have equal privileges and participants with equal abilities.
Local Area Network
Confined to a relatively small area with computers quite close. It can be used in an office, a university campus, etc.
Wide Area Network
Covers larger geographic distance. Computers may be farther apart.
What is Network Topology?
It refers to the arrangement of various elements of a network for communication.
What are the basic network topologies from which others originate?
Linear Bus
Star
RIng
Linear Bus
- Devices are connected one after the other in a sequential chain.
- Connected computers are arranged on a trunk table with terminators at each end.
- If one link is severed, everyone is affected.
What are the functions of terminators at the end of trunk tables in linear bus topology?
They absorb signals which have already been sent through the network.
Star topology
It is for LAN and all nodes are individually connected to a central connection point like a hub or switch. It is expensive and difficult to maintain but one computer connection being severed does not affect others.
RIng Topology
- Each node connects to exactly two other nodes in the form of a ring and signals are sent continuously.
- Movement of signals is either clockwise or anticlockwise.
- There is a second ring in the topology which moves in the opposite direction of the first ring and serves as backup for when the first fails.
What is network security?
It consists of policies and practices that are adopted to prevent or monitor unauthorized access, misuse, denial and modification of a computer network and network-accessible resources.
What are the common network security practices?
Physical security
Password
Personal Identification
What are workstations?
A “workstation” is sometimes used to mean “any individual personal computer location hooked up to a mainframe computer.” In today’s corporate environments, many workers have such workstations. They’re simply personal computers attached to a local area network (LAN) that in turn shares the resources of one or more large computers.
Satellite stations on a peer-to-peer networking
Server
Any device on a network, providing a special engine service.
