The Knee

Question 1

classify the knee joint

Answer 1

tibiofemoral joint
condyloid
synovial
biaxial ( FLEX/ EXT) (ROTATE

Question 2

articular surfaces in joint tibofemroal

Answer 2

femoral- condyles
- convex/ medial is bigger
tibial- condyles
-flat- less congurent
- spred by intercondylar emmenice

Question 3

articular surface in joint patellofemoral

Answer 3

synovial
plane
uniaxial- glidding
patella surface of femur

Question 4

patella function

Answer 4

seasamoid- encased by tendons and provides mechanical advantage to knee when extending

Question 5

joint capsule of knee

Answer 5

incomplete and thin
attach to femoral condyles and tibial condyle

Question 6

knee retinacula

Answer 6

either side of the patella tendon
reinforces the joint capsule because incomplete

Question 7

bursae of knee

Answer 7

pes aserine- medial tib- doesn’t communicate with the capsule
supratellar- large extend from superior to tibia- does communicates with the capsule
infrapatellar- doesnt com with cap
prepatella- doesn’t communicate with capsule

Question 8

extracapsular ligaments

Answer 8

fibular collateral ligament
tibial collateral ligament
popliteal ligament
patella ligament
oblique popliteal ligament
arcuate ligament
anterolaxal ligament

Question 9

fibular collateral ligament

Answer 9

lateral/ small string like structure
from femoral condyles to head of fibula

limits extention/ lateral rotation
prevents adduction

Question 10

popliteofibular ligament

Answer 10

popliteus tendon to apex head of fibula
limits lateral rotation

Question 11

tibial collateral ligament

Answer 11

broad/ larger medial
femoral condyles to tibial condyles

limits extention/ medial rotation
prevents abduction

Question 12

patella ligament

Answer 12

patella to tibial tuberosity
mechanical advantage in knee extention

Question 13

oblique popliteal ligament

Answer 13

strengthnd centeral posterior joint capsule
superiolaterally on femur

Question 14

arcurate

Answer 14

small ligament posterior near the lateral collateral runs vertically
limits knee extention

Question 15

anterolateral ligament

Answer 15

lateral femoral condyle to bw anterolateral tubercle
stabilasier for rotation of tibia

Question 16

intracapsular ligament

Answer 16

ACL
PCL
posterior meniscofemoral

Question 17

ACL

Answer 17

attaches anterior intercondyle area posteriomedial surface of lateral fem condyle
limits medial rotation and medial slide of tibia on femur

prevents anrerior slide of tibia on femur

Question 18

PCL

Answer 18

posterior intercondylar area of tibia to lateral surface of medial femoral condyle
limits medial rotation
limits posterior slide of tibia on femur
medial rotation

Question 19

posterior meniscofemoral

Answer 19

runs from lsteral mensicus to pcl
second restraint to support pcl

Question 20

meniscus

Answer 20

wedges of fibrocartledge
cresent shape
shock absorb
reduce friction
compress
medial is larger

Question 21

closed pack position

Answer 21

full extention
joint is most congurent

Question 22

knee extension where femur moves on tibia

Answer 22

roll is in anteriorly
glide is posteriorly

Question 23

primary restraints

Answer 23

the best located ligament to stabilise the knee

Question 24

secondary restraints

Answer 24

will also stabilise the knee but when the primary is damaged the secondary will take over but is more suseptible to damage

Question 25

static movement

Answer 25

passive it is combination of non contractive and bony elements

Question 26

dynamic movement

Answer 26

muscle acting on or across the knee joint

Question 27

male joint surfaces rule for movement

Answer 27

if the male surface is moving then roll and slide occur in opposite directions

Question 28

female joint surface rule for movement

Answer 28

if female surface is moving then roll and spin occur in the same directions

Question 29

closed chain movement

Answer 29

when the limb is fixed and not freely movable e.g foot planted

Question 30

open chain movement

Answer 30

when limb is not fixed and in freely movable