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Sports Medicine > The Knee > Flashcards

The Knee Flashcards

(84 cards)

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1
Q

Thigh bone. Convex

A

Femur

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2
Q

Weight bearing bone in lower leg. Medial Side. Concave

A

Tibia

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3
Q

Small bone in lower leg (lateral side)

A

Fibula

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4
Q

Knee Cap

A

Patella

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5
Q

What tendon is the knee cap located in?

A

Rectus Femoris

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6
Q

Largest sesamoid bone in the body

A

Patella

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7
Q

Provide cushion from stresses placed on the knee joint. Maintain spacing between the femur and the tibia

A

Menisci

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8
Q

What shape is the medial meniscus?

A

C-shaped

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9
Q

What shape is the lateral meniscus?

A

Oval shaped

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10
Q

What type of blood supply is supplied to the menisci?

A

Generally poor

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11
Q

Gives blood supply to the menisci?

A

Medial Genicular Artery

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12
Q

Good Blood Supply

A

Red-Red

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13
Q

Minimal Blood Supply

A

Red-White

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14
Q

Avascular

A

White-White

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15
Q

Prevents the femur from moving posteriorly during weight bearing.

A

ACL

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16
Q

What are the three bands of the ACL called

A

anteromedial, intermediate, and posterolateral

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17
Q

Limits anterior translation of the tibia in NWB

A

ACL

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18
Q

Stabilizes the tibia against excessive stress internal rotation

A

ACL

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19
Q

Works with hamstring group to stabilize the knee joint

A

ACL

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20
Q

Resists internal rotation

A

PCL

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21
Q

Prevents hyperextension of the knee

A

PCL

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22
Q

Limits anterior translation of the femur during weight bearing

A

PCL

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23
Q

Limits posterior translation of the tibia in NWB

A

PCL

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24
Q

Prevents the knee from valgus forces and external rotating forces

A

MCL

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25
Lateral force
Valgus force
26
Medial force
Varus force
27
Principal stabilizer of the knee in a valgus position when combined with rotation.
MCL
28
Stabilizes the knee laterally
LCL
29
Synovial tissue separated by a thin film of fluid
Bursae
30
Reduces friction between anatomical structures
Bursae
31
Largest Fat Pad?
Infrapatellar
32
Function is to provide a cushion to the front of the knee and separate the patellar tendon from the joint capsule
Fat Pads
33
Nerve providing blood supply to the hamstrings and gastroc
Tibial Nerve
34
Nerve providing blood supply to the short head of the biceps femoris
Peroneal Nerve
35
Nerve providing blood supply to the quadriceps and sartorius muscle
Femoral nerve
36
Knee flexion, internal rotation, and longest muscle in the body
Sartorius
37
Stems from the femoral artery
Popliteal Artery
38
Knee extension
Quadriceps Femoris
39
Knee Flexion and external rotation
Biceps Femoris
40
What makes up the hamstrings?
Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, and Semimembranosus
41
Where are the hamstrings located?
Posterior side of upper leg
42
Knee flexion and internal rotation
Semitendinosus and semimembranosus
43
Knee flexion
Gastrocnemius
44
Called "bowleggedness" Caused by a medial force
Genu Varus
45
Called "knock-knee" Caused by a lateral force
Genu Valgum
46
Is genu valgum more common in women or men? Why?
Women due to the angle of the pelvis
47
Knees bend backwards. Excessive extension occurs in the tibiofemoral joint
Genu Recurvatum
48
High riding patella
Patella Alta
49
Low riding patella
Patella Baja
50
Patella high riding and lateral
Frog-eyed patella
51
Patella positioned medially
Squinting patella
52
Result of a medially directed valgus force from the lateral side or from external rotation of the tibia
MCL tear
53
Special tests for MCL tear?
Valgus Stress Test, anterior drawer test
54
Result of a laterally directed various force from the medial side or from internal rotation of the tibia
LCL tear
55
ST for LCL tear?
Varus Stress test
56
Direct lateral or valgus blow with the knee flexed and tibia externally rotated, lower leg rotated with the foot planted, or flexion decelerated injury
ACL tear
57
ST for ACL tear?
Anterior Drawer test, Lachman test
58
A full weight bearing fall on a hyper flexed knee
PCL tear
59
ST for PCL tear?
Posterior Drawer test
60
a weight bearing combined with a rotational force while extending of flexing the knee. Medial more common than lateral
Meniscal Tear
61
ST Meniscal Tear?
McMurray's, Apley's Compression test, bounce home test, and grind test
62
Can be acute, chronic, or recurrent as a result of kneeling, direct impact or overuse/irritation of the patellar tendon
Bursitis
63
ST for Bursitis?
Ballotable Patella, sweep test
64
Possible development of Baker's Cyst with this injury?
Bursitis
65
Overuse common in runners/ cyclists, knee malalignment, running on uneven surfaces
Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome (Runner's Knee)
66
ST for IT band syndrome?
Ober's test, Renne Test, Noble test
67
Direct: Falling on the patella, taking an impact on the patella. Indirect: Running/ jumping from forceful pull on the patellar tendon
Patellar Fracture
68
ST for Patellar fracture?
Tuning Fork
69
Direct blow to the kneecap knocking the patella out of place or awkward twisting motions of the knee
Patellar Dislocation/ Subluxation
70
ST for patellar Dislocation?
A-angle, Apprehension test
71
Unknown, but related to overuse or abnormal tracking of the patella in the femoral groove
Chondromalacia Patella
72
ST for Chondromalacia Patella?
Patellar Grind test (Clarke's Sign)
73
Caused by running, kicking, or running
Patellar Tendonitis (Jumper's and Kicker's Knee)
74
ST for Patellar Tendonitis
Strength test, ROM test
75
Common in immature athletes. Repeated pull of the patellar tendon at the tibial tubercle.
Osgood-Schlatter's Disease
76
ST for Osgood- Schlatter's Disease?
X-Ray
77
Severe blow or repeated blows to the thigh
Myositis Ossificans
78
ST for Myositis Ossificans?
Pain upon palpation
79
Increased pressure within one of four compartments of the lower leg. Causes compression of the structures in the leg
Compartment Syndrome
80
ST for Compartment Syndrome?
Pressure check test
81
Sudden stretching or sudden contraction
Quadricep Strain
82
ST for Quadricep Strain?
Pain with ROM test, strength test
83
Not entirely known. Speculated, a quick change of the knee stabilization to extension of the hip.
Hamstring Strain
84
ST for hamstring strain?
Strength test

Sports Medicine (11 decks)

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