The making of the modern world Flashcards
What was the englishtenment period?
The Enlightenment period saw the development and debate of big and radical ideas, including notions of equality, fairness, justice, individual rights, and liberty.
What happened to Egalitarian ideas?
Egalitarian ideas about equal opportunities and freedom gained popularity towards the end of the 17th century.
What did the englishtenment what to replace?
The Enlightenment sought to replace superstition with knowledge and science.
How was Egalitarianism spread?
Egalitarianism, though not yet termed as such, was spread through concepts like liberalism and utilitarianism.
What was the dominant political system at the time?
The dominant political system at the time was absolute monarchy, where kings and queens ruled with the belief in the divine right of monarchs.
What was the goal for nationstates at the time?
Emerging nation-states were represented by their respective monarchs, and these monarchs aimed to expand their territories with the support of strong royal armies.
What did the Glorious Revolution result in?
The Glorious Revolution in England in the 1680s resulted in a new constitutional agreement between the king and parliament.
What did John Locke do?
The philosopher John Locke developed the theory of liberalism, emphasizing natural freedom, equality, and the people’s right to form a fair and sensible government contract with their leaders.
What did French philosophers (Voltaire, Rousseau, and Montesquieu) do at the time?
French philosophers like Voltaire, Rousseau, and Montesquieu challenged old ideas and played roles in spreading egalitarian ideas.
What did Voltaire do?
Voltaire criticized the Church for intolerance and censorship, advocating progress and happiness.
What did Rousseau do?
Rousseau believed that people were born free but were in chains everywhere and opposed monarchy, advocating power in the hands of the people.
What did Montesquieu do?
Montesquieu argued for a government based on law, rather than oppression by an absolute monarch.
How did Philosopheres present their ideas that the time?
Philosophers promoted their ideas by publishing pamphlets aimed at literate men and women, raising awareness of equal access to political power and social dignity.
