The Mammalian Female Reproductive System

Question 1

the 3 functions of the female reproductive system are

Answer 1

1. produce ova
2. produce female hormones
3. carry young until parturition

Question 2

the female gonad

Answer 2

ovary

Question 3

STAGES OF OVARIAN STRUCTURES

Question 4

Primordial follicle

Answer 4

the ovum is surrounded by squamous follicular cells

Question 5

primary follicle

Answer 5

the ovum is surrounded by one layer of granulosa cells

Question 6

secondary follicle

Answer 6

the ovum is surrounded by two or more layers of granulosa cells and theca internal cells

Question 7

antral follicle (late secondary follicle)

Answer 7

contains an antrum

Question 8

antrum

Answer 8

a space filled with follicular fluid

Question 9

ovulation-ready antral follicle

Answer 9

contains many layers of granulosa cells and a large antrum

Question 10

Corpus hemorrhagicum (CH)

Answer 10

the first ovarian structure after ovulation; filled with blood from bursting capillaries during ovulation

Question 11

Corpus Luteum (CL)

Answer 11

produces progesterone and maintains pregnancy

Question 12

Corpus Albicans (CA)

Answer 12

white scar on the ovary

Question 13

T or F: the CA turns into the CL when implantation does not occur

Answer 13

False; the CL turns into the CA

Question 14

Estrogen is responsible for

Answer 14

libido, secondary sex characteristics and maternal behavior

Question 15

Progesterone is responsible for

Answer 15

quieting contractions of the uterus during pregnancy

Question 16

Prostaglandin F2a is responsible for

Answer 16

lysing the CL

Question 17

estrogen is produced by

Answer 17

ovarian follicles

Question 18

progesterone is produced by

Answer 18

the CL

Question 19

Prostaglandin F2a is produced by

Answer 19

the uterus

Question 20

The oviduct contains what 4 things

Answer 20

1. infundibulum
2. ampulla
3. isthmus
4. ampullary-isthmus junction

Question 21

infundibulum

Answer 21

catches the ovum during ovulation

Question 22

ampulla

Answer 22

functions as a transport of the ovum from the infundibulum to the isthmus

Question 23

ampullary-isthmus junction

Answer 23

site of fertilization

Question 24

isthmus

Answer 24

carries the zygote to the uterus

Question 25

the isthmus connects the _______ to the _______

Answer 25

ampulla, uterus

Question 26

the ampullla is lined with

Answer 26

cilia to assist the ovum in moving down the oviduct

Question 27

the uterus consists of

Answer 27

uterine horns and the uterine body

Question 28

endometrium

Answer 28

functions to secrete histotrophs (uterine milk) that provide nutrition to the embryo

Question 29

myometrium

Answer 29

a muscular layer that expels the fetus during parturition

Question 30

perimetrium

Answer 30

protects uterus

Question 31

the 3 functions of the cervix are

Answer 31

1. protectiveness 2. sperm reservior 3. lubrication

Question 32

How much sperm are lost in the cervical folds

Answer 32

approximately 90%

Question 33

the 3 uterine types

Answer 33

1. simplex 2. duplex 3. bicornuate

Question 34

T or F: the simplex uterine type does not have uterine horns

Answer 34

true

Question 35

what size uterine body does the simplex uterus have?

Answer 35

large

Question 36

how many cervices does the simplex uterus have?

Answer 36

1

Question 37

what size are the uterine horns of the duplex uterus?

Answer 37

large, well-developed

Question 38

T or F: the duplex uterus has a uterine body

Answer 38

False

Question 39

how many cervices does the duplex uterus have?

Answer 39

2

Question 40

what size are the uterine horns of the bicornuate uterus?

Answer 40

large to moderate

Question 41

what size is the uterine body of the bicornuate uterus

Answer 41

small to moderate

Question 42

how many cervices does the bicornuate uterus have?

Answer 42

1

Question 43

the placenta is responsible for

Answer 43

nutrient and gas exhange between the mother and developing fetus

Question 44

the 3 placental membranes are

Answer 44

1. amnion 2. allantois 3. chorion

Question 45

amnion

Answer 45

innermost avascular membrane around the fetus; filled with amniotic fluid

Question 46

allantois

Answer 46

middle membrane filled with fluid "water breaks" comes from this membrane

Question 47

chorion

Answer 47

contains necrotic tips (don't fuse with the allantois and does not receive nutrients)

Question 48

the 4 placental attachment types are

Answer 48

1. diffuse 2. cotyledonary 3. zonary 4. discoidal

Question 49

Attachment of the diffuse placental type Ex: Pig and Horse

Answer 49

many attachments between the fetus and mother

Question 50

Attachment of the cotyledonary placental type Ex: Ruminants

Answer 50

fetus contains cotyledon. mother contains caruncle

Question 51

Attachment of the zonary placental type Ex: dogs and cats

Answer 51

one band of attachment

Question 52

Attachment of the discoidal placental type Ex: primates and rodents

Answer 52

placenta burrows into the uterine wall

Question 53

Cotyledon + caruncle =

Answer 53

placentome