Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GCSE History (Edexcel) - Medicine in Britain > The Medical Renaissance in England > Flashcards

The Medical Renaissance in England Flashcards

(90 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What does Medical Renaissance mean?

A

Re-birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why was the Medical Renaissance the rebirth of medicine?

A

The Catholic Church started to lose some of its power and educated people began to experiment and ask new questions particularly about the human body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What did educated people begin to take interest in in the Medical Renaissance?

A

Ideas of Ancient Greece and Rome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The Medical Renaissance is remembered for its art with famous artists such as ________ __ _____ and ____________

A

Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelangelo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What technology was developed during the Medical Renaissance which allowed people to study tiny things?

A

The microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What did people study with microscopes?

A

Human cells, including sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True/False, the Medical Renaissance put an end to old beliefs about the causes of illness

A

False, lots of people still believed in causes of illness such as religious causes, miasma, astrology and the four humours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What did Leonardo Da Vinci Dissect?

A

Bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Leonardo Da Vinci discovered how the ___ worked

A

Eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What did Leonardi Da Vinci draw?

A

Accurate pictures of the human body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Leonardo Da Vinci drew the first human ______

A

Embryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who were Leonardo Da Vinci’s drawings used by?

A

Physicians and Surgeons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why were Leonardo Da Vinci’s drawings a huge improvement compared to Medieval drawings?

A

The Catholic Church had banned dissections in the Middle Ages - these new drawings were very important in developing medical knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who was Vesalius?

A

A Belgian who lived in Italy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What did Vesalius develop?

A

Knowledge of anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why were Vesalius’ discoveries important?

A

Was very important in showing how Galen had made mistakes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Galen had only dissected _______ whilst Vesalius dissected the bodies of _______ _________

A

animals, hanging criminals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Galen said the heart was divided by a septum with holes in the middle so blood could pass through. Vesalius proved…

A

there were no holes in the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Galen said the human lower jaw was made of 2 bones. Vesalius proved…

A

it was only 1 bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Galen said the liver was made of 5 parts. Vesalius proved…

A

it was not divided into parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What book did Vesalius write?

A

Fabric of the Human Body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When was Fabric of the Human Body written?

A

1543

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What did the Fabric of the Human Body contain?

A

Superb drawings by some of the best Renaissance artists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What did Vesalius write in the Fabric of the Human Body which angered the Catholic Church?

A

He showed both men and women have the same number of ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Why did what Vesalius wrote in the Fabric of the Human Body anger the Catholic Church?
It went against the Church's teachings that God had taken one of Adam's ribs to create Eve
26
Did the Fabric of the Human Body have a large impact?
Yes - his writings influenced physicians all over Europe
27
Who was Harvey?
An English doctor who studied in Italy
28
Who was Harvey the surgeon of?
James I and Charles I
29
True/False: Harvey studied in the same place as Vesalius in Italy
True
30
Galen said veins carried blood and air. Harvey proved...
veins only carried blood
31
Galen said blood was constantly being made by the liver because the blood was used up as it travelled around the body. Harvey proved...
Blood circulates around the body and is pumped to the heart
32
Harvey proved through his experiments that the heart acts as a ____
pump
33
Harvey proved that blood is constantly being circulated around the body. The heart...
pumped the blood through the arteries and this blood is returned to the heart through the veins
34
How did Harvey prove that the heart acts as a pump?
Dissections
35
What did Harvey dissect to prove that the heart acts as a pump?
Frogs and criminals' bodies
36
What did Harvey do to frogs to prove that the heart acts as a pump?
Study their hearts
37
What did Harvey do to criminals' bodies to prove that the heart acts as a pump?
Pushing wires down veins to show there were valves in the veins that helped the blood flow
38
Where did Harvey publish his discoveries?
His book
39
What was Harvey's book called?
On the Movement of the Heart and Blood in Animals
40
True/False: Harvey's discoveries made a massive difference to how patients were treated
False, many thought he was a bit crazy and it took more than 50 years for universities to teach Harvey's ideas. Even though he made a breakthrough in knowledge of the anatomy, it didn't change treatments or make anyone better
41
Why did Physicians' training improve?
As a result of Vesalius and Harvey, knew more about the workings of the human body
42
Where did Physicians go to train?
Went to universities in England or Europe
43
What did Physicians do at university?
Take part in dissections so their knowledge of the body was more accurate
44
What technological developments were university students helped by?
The printing press and microscope
45
Why was the printing press a significant technological development?
Could publish copies of medical books very quickly
46
Who was the Royal Society founded by?
Charles II
47
When was the Royal Society made?
1660
48
What was encouraged as a result of the Royal Society?
New thinking in areas such as medicine
49
Why was the Royal Society important?
It was important for publishing new ideas, encouraging doctors and scientists to make and share new discoveries and created a climate of learning
50
What did Charles II have built in one of his palaces?
A labatory
51
Charles II spent a lot of money on promoting _______
science
52
What was the Royal Society founded with?
Money provided for new equipment and experiments
53
Who did John Hunter give lectures to?
Doctors
54
What did John Hunter give lectures about?
Anatomy
55
What did John Hunter emphasise?
The importance of observing patients and experiments
56
Who did John Hunter famously teach?
Edward Jenner
57
What did John Hunter include in his books, similarly to Vesalius?
Artists to illustrate
58
John Hunter improved understanding of...
Pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections
59
What did Thomas Sydenham encourage?
Observations and experiments
60
What did Thomas Sydenham say was the most important thing for a doctor to do?
Observe his patients
61
Why did Thomas Sydenham encourage doctors to visit patients and keep records of their health and symptoms?
To help diagnose the illness
62
What did Thomas Sydenham say about diseases?
Not always caused by an imbalance in the Four Humours
63
True/False: Thomas Sydenham believed zodiac charts were a great idea
False, he did not believe that zodiac charts were a good idea
64
What did Thomas Sydenham recommend instead of bleeding and purging?
Rest and a good diet
65
Thomas Sydenham discovered _______ fever
scarlet
66
What did Thomes Sydenham use for people with anaemia? (blood disorder)
Iron
67
laudenum
A painkiller made from poppies
68
True/False: Thomas Sydenham used laudenum
True
69
Why was Thomas Sydenham known as the 'English Hippocrates'?
Had a reputation for making patients get better
70
True/False: Lots changed in terms of treatment from the Medieval times in the Medical Renaissance
False, very little changed
71
Who were herbal remedies predominantly made by in the Medical Renaissance?
Women
72
Were Apothecaries still around in the Medical Renaissance?
Yes
73
True/False: Purging and bleeding continued in the Medical Renaissance
True, due to the belief of the Four Humours
74
Why did the belief of the Four Humours continue during the Medical Renaissance?
New scientific knowledge was about anatomy and physiology, not the causes of illness
75
Religion still had a big/small role in the Medical Renaissance
big
76
true/False: People believed that being touched by the king could cure diseases in the Medical Renaissance
True, such as scrofula or the 'King's Evil' (tuberculosis of the neck gland)
77
True/False: Hospitals developed lots during the Medical Renaissance
False, they stayed the same.
78
What did Henry VIII close down which had run many of the hospitals before the Medical Renaissance?
Monasteries
79
What took on running hospitals after monasteries?
Town councils
80
Hospitals were mainly a place to stay/receive treatment
stay
81
St Batholomew's in London was a notable exception to the way hospitals were run during the Medical Renaissance because...
Nurses gave herbal remedies and nursing helpers were employed to clean the wards
82
Who did St Batholomew's in London ban?
People who had infectious diseases
83
True/False: St Batholomew's in London continued with prayers
True
84
Were Physicians cheap or expensive during the Medical Renaissance?
Expensive - people could never afford to see one
85
One notable change during the Medical Renaissance was the invention of f______
forceps
86
What did forceps do?
Helped deliver babies if they were stuck inside their mother
87
What dangers came with using forceps?
Misuse caused damage and even death
88
True/False: Anyone could get forceps
False, only rich women would have them
89
Were midwives expensive during the Medical Renaissance?
Yes
90
How did people who couldn't afford forceps give birth?
With help from family or neighbours

GCSE History (Edexcel) - Medicine in Britain (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions