The Middle Ages Flashcards
(99 cards)
1
Q
What was the most successful Germanic kingdom?
A
The Franks
2
Q
Which king of the Franks converted to Christianity?
A
Clovis
3
Q
What did monks and nuns do?
A
Withdraw from public life to monasteries and convents
4
Q
When did Benedict make rules for monks and nuns that established the basic form of monasticism in the Catholic Church?
A
520
5
Q
What were the main duty of monks and nuns?
A
Prayer and worship
6
Q
Where did Islam come from?
A
The Middle East
7
Q
When was the Battle of Tours?
A
732
8
Q
Who defeated who in the Battle of Tours?
A
The Frankish warriors defeated the Muslim army
9
Q
In 800, Charlemagne’s empire stretched across where?
A
France, Germany, and Italy
10
Q
What did Charlemagne encourage?
A
Learning
11
Q
What did Pope Leo III call on Charlemagne for?
A
To help with rebellious Romans
12
Q
What did Pope Leo III do to widen the gap between Eastern and Western Rome?
A
He crowned Charlemagne Emperor
13
Q
When did Charlemagne die?
A
814
14
Q
When was the Treaty of Verdun signed?
A
843
15
Q
What did the Treaty of Verdun do?
A
It split the empire into three parts
16
Q
Where were the Vikings from?
A
Scandinavia
17
Q
What did the Vikings do?
A
They looted and burned cities
18
Q
When did Leif Erickson set up a Viking colony in North America?
A
1000 AD
19
Q
When did the Muslims capture Sicily?
A
The late 800s
20
Q
When did the Maggars invade Europe?
A
896
21
Q
What is the manor?
A
The Lord’s estate
22
Q
What did the peasants and serfs work for?
A
Protection
23
Q
How was life for the peasants?
A
Harsh
24
Q
What kinds of things did the people believe in the Middle Ages?
A
They believed in fairies, love potions, witches, and magic charms
25
What is chivalry?
A code of conduct
26
How might a chivalrous person act?
Brave, loyal, true too and, generous to enemies
27
How were women treated?
They were up to be protected and cherished
28
What is a knight?
A mounted warrior
29
At what age were future nights sent to the lord's castle for training?
Seven
30
At what age was a future knight to be dubbed?
21
31
What are some features that a castle would have the Middle Ages?
High walls, towers, drawbridges, moats, etc.
32
What are the duties of noblewomen?
To spend, with cloth, supervise servants, and have many children
33
What was the only way to avoid going to hell according to the church?
To participate in the sacraments (sacred rituals)
34
What is Canon Law?
Church laws and courts
35
What is interdict?
Excluded an entire town or region from receiving the sacraments
36
How much were you supposed to pay for a tithe?
1/10 of your income
37
What is lay investiture?
When Kings appoint Church officials
38
The Byzantine Emperor asked the pope for what?
Help fighting the Turks
39
What were the Crusades?
An attempt by the Christians of reclaiming the holy land from the Muslims
40
How many years did the Crusades last?
200
41
What happened during the first Crusade?
The Christians captured Jerusalem
42
What happened during the second Crusade?
The Christians lost Jerusalem
43
What happened during the third Crusade?
The Christians attempted to recapture Jerusalem but failed
44
What happened during the fourth Crusade?
Christians help that the nescience captured Constantinople and they looted it
45
What were some negative impacts of the Crusades?
The Christians failed to conquer the holy lands and hatred among different religions grew
46
What were some positive impacts of the Crusades?
Increased trade, Papal power reached its height, it increased the power of the feudal monarch, it encouraged a money economy, and a wider world view
47
How long did the Germanic kingdoms last?
400 A.D. to 700 A.D.
48
Which king died without an heir FIRST?
The Anglo-Saxxon king Edward
49
Which two people claim the throne after king Edward died?
Harold and Duke William of Normandy
50
Which of the two people who claimed the throne after the death of king Edward raised an army and had the backing of the pope?
Duke William of Normandy
51
What was the Battle of Hastings?
William sailed across the English Channel and won
52
Who became king of England after king Edward?
William the Conqueror
53
Who inherited the throne in 1154?
Henry II
54
What did the Royal Court's decisions become?
The basis for English Common Law
55
Who determined which cases went on trial?
Juries
56
What did Henry's efforts with the royal court lead to?
A bitter conflict with the church
57
What did Henry claim the right to do?
Try clergy in royal courts
58
Who opposed the trying of clergy in royal courts?
Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury
59
When did the 4 knights murder Becket? Where did the murder him?
1170; in his own cathedral
60
What was Henry's reaction to the murder of Thomas Becket?
He denied any part of the attack and backed off the clergy
61
What titles were given to Becket after his death?
Martyr and saint
62
Who was the son of Henry II?
John
63
How did king John anger his own nobles?
Heavy taxing
64
When was the Magna Carta signed?
1215
65
What were the two basic ideas of the Magna Carta?
Nobles had certain rights; monarchs had to obey the law
66
Who did the king have to consult with before he could raise taxes?
The Great Council of Lords and Clergy
67
What happened in 1347?
The bubonic plague raged through Italy
68
What happened in 1348?
The bubonic plague reached Spain and France
69
About how many people died in Europe from the bubonic plague?
One out of every three people
70
Where did the strain of bubonic plague survive?
The Gobi Desert
71
How was the bubonic plague spread?
Fleas on the rats
72
How long did it take for people to die after contracting the bubonic plague?
2 to 3 days
73
What kind of conditions in Europe helped the bubonic plague spread?
Unsanitary conditions
74
What were the symptoms of the bubonic plague?
Black bruises on the scan, have a sweats, and coughing
75
What are the different reactions from people about the bubonic plague?
Some turn to magic and witchcraft for curious, some plunged into while pleasures, some thought it was a punishment from God etc.
76
Who did the Christians blame for the bubonic plague?
The Jews
77
What happened to society during the bubonic plague?
The structure of society broke down
78
What happened in the late 1300s?
The economy plunged
79
What were the economic results of the bubonic plague?
Workers died, production the client, inflation soared, riots broke out etc.
80
How long did it take to recover from the bubonic plague?
A century
81
What did John Wycliffe insist?
The Bible is the true source, not the church
82
How did the church respond to John Wycliffe's statements?
They persecuted him and others who believed similarly
83
How long did the Great Schism last?
From 1378 to 1417
84
Which Pope moved to Avignon?
Pope Clement V
85
How long did the Popes live in France?
69 years
86
What was the time when the Pope lived in France called?
Babylonian Captivity
87
What happened in 1378?
The Pope died while visiting Rome
88
How many Popes were elected during the Great Schism?
Three
89
What solved the Great Schism?
All three Popes were forced to resign
90
How long did the Hundred Years' War last?
From 1337 to 1453
91
Which two countries fought in the Hundred Years' War?
England and France
92
Why was the Hundred Years' War being fought?
English rulers were trying to get hold of French lands
93
Who claim to the French crown in 1337?
Edward III
94
Who was winning the Hundred Years' War at first?
England
95
What was the English peoples' success due to?
The invention of the longbow
96
Who is Joan of Arc?
A 17-year-old peasant woman who appeared before the uncrowned king of France
97
What did Joan of Arc tell but uncrowned king of France?
She told him God had sent her to save France
98
Why was Joan of Arc killed?
She was tried for witchcraft by the English and burned at the stake
99
Who won the Hundred Years' War?
The French
