The Multi Store Memory Model

Question 1

Who created the multistore memory model and when?

Answer 1

Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)

Question 2

What is the multi store model of memory?

Answer 2

A representstion of how memory works in terms of 3 stores.

Question 3

Define short term memory. What is the encoding, capacity and duration?

Answer 3

The limited capacity memory store.
Encoding= acoustic
Capacity= 5-9 items
Duration= 18 to 30s

Question 4

Define Long term memory. Include the encoding, capacity and duration.

Answer 4

The permanent memory store.
Encoding= semantic
Capacity= unlimited
Duration= unlimited but could decay.

Question 5

Define encoding.

Answer 5

The format information is stored in each store.

Question 6

Define storage.

Answer 6

The process of holding info in the memory.

Question 7

Define retrieval

Answer 7

The process of transferring info from LTM to STM (recalling)

Question 8

Define capacity

Answer 8

The amount of info that can be held in a memory store.

Question 9

Define duration.

Answer 9

The length of time info can be held in a memory store for.

Question 10

Name the features of the multistore model.

Answer 10

Sensory memory store, STM, and LTM

Question 11

Whats the encoding of the sensory memory store?

Answer 11

Sense specific.

Question 12

What is the duration of the sensory memory store?

Answer 12

0.25s

Question 13

What encoding is STM?

Answer 13

Acoustic.

Question 14

What encoding is LTM?

Answer 14

Semantic

Question 15

Evaluate MSM S?

Answer 15

H.M: lost his memory after brain surgery for epileptic seizures. After removing his hippocampus his STM was damaged but his LTM was ok= there are two seperate areas for STM and LTM.

Question 16

Evaluate MSM O

Answer 16

-Case studies lack generalisability
Each case is unique and we can’t make before and after comparisons, decreasing the validity of the study.
-MSM is reductionist:
Reduces memory down to 3 components with little detail and doesn’t account for when rehearsal is not needed to for a new LTM (knowledge of words).

Question 17

Evaluate MSM D

Answer 17

Working memory model (Baddeley and Hitch 1974)is an improved model as it replaces STM in the model and provides a more detailed explanation of rehearsal and retrieval.

Question 18

Evaluate MSM A

Answer 18

Eyewitness testimonies: MSM tells us how to improve our memory of specific events. You need to pay close attention to encode info into the STM you then need to rehearse it for it to enter the LTM and revisit it so it is less likely to decay.

Question 19

How is information lost in the STM?

Answer 19

Through decay from not rehearsing enough.

Question 20

How does information move from the sensory register to the STM?

Answer 20

If it is paid attention to.