The Multi-store Model Flashcards
(19 cards)
What does the multi-store model (MSM) describe?
How information flows through the memory system
Proposed by Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in 1968 and 1971.
What are the three stores in the MSM?
- Sensory Memory Store (SMS)
- Short-Term Memory Store (STM)
- Long-Term Memory Store (LTM)
These stores are linked by processing.
What is the duration of material in the sensory register (SR)?
Less than half a second
What coding is used in the iconic memory store?
Visual information
What coding is used in the echoic memory store?
Acoustic information
What is the capacity of sensory registers?
Over one hundred million cells in one eye
What process is crucial for information to pass from sensory register to short-term memory?
Attention
What is the duration of information in short-term memory (STM)?
About 18 seconds unless rehearsed
What is the magical number for the capacity of STM?
7 ± 2 items
What is maintenance rehearsal?
Repeating material to ourselves over and over again
What type of coding is primarily used in long-term memory (LTM)?
Semantic coding
What is the potential duration of long-term memory?
Up to a lifetime
What evidence supports the MSM regarding STM and LTM being different?
- Baddeley’s research on word confusion
- Studies on capacity and duration
What is a limitation of the studies supporting the MSM?
They often used digits, letters, and consonant syllables with no meaning
What did the study of KF by Shallice and Warrington suggest?
There is more than one STM store
What type of rehearsal is needed for long-term storage according to Craik and Watkins?
Elaborative rehearsal
Fill in the blank: Prolonged rehearsal is not needed for transfer to _______.
LTM
What is elaborative rehearsal?
Linking information to existing knowledge or thinking about its meaning
True or False: The MSM fully explains how long-term storage is achieved.
False
