The Muscular Skeletal System 1.4 Flashcards
What is a ball and socket joint? & give some examples of a ball and socket joint
Joint allows movement in every direction
e.g The hip and the shoulder
What is a hinge joint? & give some examples
Allows movement in only one direction (flexion & extension)
e.g. Knee, Ankle, elbow
What are the 3 planes?
- Sagittal Plane
- Frontal Plane
- Tranverse Plane
What are the three axis?
- Transverse axis
- Sagittal
- Longitudinal
What movements take place on the frontal plane?
Abduction
Adduction
What movements take place along the transverse plane?
Rotation
Horizontal abduction
Horizontal adduction
What movements take place on the sagittal plane?
Flexion
Extension
What are the 3 pairs of the planes and axis?
Sagittal Plane—Transverse Axis
Transverse Plane—Longitudual Axis
Frontal Plane—Sagittal axis
Define flexion, extension & hyperextension
Flexion- Decrease in the angle around a joint
Extension- Increase in the angle around a joint
Hyper Extension- Increase the angle by more than 180 degrees
What is horizontal abduction?
Movement of a limb forwards while it’s held parallel to the ground
What is horizontal adduction?
Movement of a limb backwards while it is held parallel to the ground
What is the agonist and the antagonist?
Agonist- Prime mover
Antagonist- The muscle that works in opposition to the agonist (to help produce a coordinated movement)
What are the two types of isotonic contraction?
Eccentric
Concentric
What is a concentric contraction?
When a muscle shortens under tension
What is an eccentric contraction?
When a muscle lengthens under tension
