The Muscular System 2-3

Question 0

Tissue consisting of long cells that contract when stimulated, to produce motion.

Answer 0

Muscles

Question 1

Series of muscles that move the skeleton

Answer 1

The muscular system

Question 2

Connective tissue of the muscle that help form the tendon

Answer 2

Fascia and epimysium

Question 3

Each layer of connective tissue extends the length of muscle helping to form what?

Answer 3

The tendon

Question 4

Structures that attach muscles to bones

Answer 4

Tendons

Question 5

The functional unit of muscle that produces muscular contraction and consist of repeating sections of actin and myosin

Answer 5

Sarcomere

Question 6

Name the methods that muscle generates force (3)

Answer 6

Neural activation
Sliding filament theory
Excitation-contraction-coupling mechanism

Question 7

What are motor neurons connected to

Answer 7

Muscle fibers

Question 8

Define motor unit

Answer 8

The motor neuron and the muscle fiber it connects (innervates)

Question 9

Define neuromuscular junction

Answer 9

The point where the neuron meets an individual muscle fiber

Question 10

The small gap between the nerve and the muscle fiber

Answer 10

Synapse

Question 11

The contraction of a muscle generated by a communication between the nervous system and the muscular system

Answer 11

Neural activation

Question 12

Chemical messengers that cross synapses to transmit electrical impulses from the nerve to the muscle

Answer 12

Neurotransmitter

Question 13

The proposed process of how the contraction of the filaments within the Sarcomere takes place

Answer 13

Sliding filament theory

Question 14

The process of neural stimulation creating a muscle contraction

Answer 14

Excitation-contraction coupling

Question 15

Characteristics do Type 1 slow twitch muscle fibers (7)

Answer 15

1. Higher in capillaries mitochondria and myoglobin
2. Increased oxygen delivery
3. Smaller in size
4. Produces less force
5. Slow to fatigue
6. Long-term contractions (stabilization)
7. Slow twitch, red fibers

Question 16

Characteristics of type ll fast twitch muscle fibers (7)

Answer 16

1. Lower in capillaries, mitochondria and myoglobin
2. Decreased oxygen delivery
3. Larger in size
4. Produce more force
5. Quick to fatigue
6. Short-term contraction (force and power)
7. Fast twitch, white fibers

Question 17

Muscle fiber type responsible for producing long-term contractions necessary for stabilization and postural control

Answer 17

Type l slow twitch

Question 18

Muscle fiber type responsible for producing movements requiring force and power such as a sprint

Answer 18

Type ll fast twitch

Question 19

The manner in which muscle fibers are situated in relation to the tendon

Answer 19

Muscle fiber arrangement

Question 20

Pennation

Answer 20

Muscle fibers that run at an angle to the tendon instead of in the same direction

Question 21

This type of muscle has a full belly, tapers off at either end. The fiber arrangement parallels the direction of the muscle and tendon (line of pull) and enables the force production by the fibers to pull in the same direction as the line of pull. Example, bicep brachii

Answer 21

Fusiform

Question 22

(Muscle type) Fusiform, describe the muscle fiber arrangement

Answer 22

Parallel to direction of tendon

Question 23

(Muscle type) Fan-shaped, describe the muscle fiber arrangement

Answer 23

From broad attachment to narrow, pectoralis major

Question 24

Also know as convergent or radiate, muscle fibers span out from a borrow attachment at one end to a broad attachment at the other end, creating various angles of pull, example pectoralis majore

Answer 24

Fan-shaped

Question 25

Long strap like muscles, their fibers run parallel to the line of pull. Example

Answer 25

Longitudinal | Starorius

Question 26

A four-sided muscle that is usually flat. The muscle fiber arrangement is parallel to the line of pull, example

Answer 26

Quadrilateral | Rhomboid

Question 27

This type of muscle has a short, oblique muscle fibers that extend from one side of a long tendon, the fibers run obliquely to the line of pull of the muscle tendon. Example

Answer 27

Unipenniform | Posterior tibialis

Question 28

Short oblique muscle fibers that extend from both sides of a long tendon, the pull of the muscle fibers runs oblique to the line of the pull of the tendon, example

Answer 28

Bipenniform | Rectusfemoris

Question 29

Muscles with multiple tendons with oblique running muscle fibers, pull of the muscle fibers runs obliquely to the line of pull of the tendon muscle, example

Answer 29

Multipenniform | Deltoid

Question 30

The significance of pen nation lies in its ability to do what?

Answer 30

Increase the force output of a muscle

Question 31

The force that a muscle can exert is proportional to the ...

Answer 31

Cross-sectional area

Question 32

Muscle function of agonist

Answer 32

Prime mover

Question 33

Muscle function of the synergistic

Answer 33

Assist prime mover

Question 34

Muscle function of a stabilizer

Answer 34

Supports while prime mover and synergistic work

Question 35

Antagonist

Answer 35

Oppose prime mover

Question 36

``` Name the agonist for these exercises: Chest press Overhead press Row Squat ```

Answer 36

Chest press. Pectoralis Manu Overheard press. Deltoid Row. Latissimus dorsi Squat. Gluteus Maximus, quadriceps

Question 37

``` Name the synergistic for these exercises: Chest press Overhead press Row Squat ```

Answer 37

Chest press. Anterior deltoid, triceps Overhead press. Tricep Row. Posterior deltoid, bicep Squat. Hamstrings

Question 38

``` Name the stabilizer for these exercises: Chest press Overhead press Row Squat ```

Answer 38

Chest press. Rotator cuff Overheard press. Rotator cuff Row. Rotator cuff Squat. Transverse abdominis

Question 39

``` Name the antagonist for these exercises: Chest press Overhead press Row Squat ```

Answer 39

Chest press. Posterior deltoid Overhead press. Lattes simul dorsi Row. Pectoralis major Squat. Psoas