The nature and variety of living organisms Flashcards
what is mrs h gren
movement
respiration
sensitivity (respond to surroundings)
homeostasis (control internal conditions)
grow and develop
reproduce
excretion
require nutrition
what are the common features of eukaryotic organisms
contain a proper nucleus
have other organelles with outer membranes
which organisms are eukaryotic
plants, animals, fungi, protoctista
which organisms are prokaryotic
bacteria
common features of plants
multi cellular
contain chloroplasts
can photosynthesis
cellulose cell walls
store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose
eukaryotic
common features of animals
multi cellular
no chloroplasts
no cell walls
usually contain nervous co-ordination
eat other living things to obtain nutrients
can move from one place to another
often store carbohydrates as glycogen
eukaryotic
common features of fungis
no photosynthesis
usually organized into a mycelium which is thread-like structures called hyphae
hyphae contain lots of nuclei
some are single celled
chitin cell walls
feed by sapotrophic nutrition
store carbohydrates as glycogen
eukaryotic
examples of fungi
mucor which has mycelium
yeast which is single celled
common features of protoctists
microscopic single celled organisms
some photosynthesis
some feed other living organisms
cells can have chloroplasts, cell walls and flagellum
lots of variation
common features of bacteria
prokaryotic
microscopic single celled
cell wall made of peptidoglycogen
cell membrane
cytoplasm
no nucleus but some have plasmids (a circular chromosome of DNA)
some photosynthesis but most feed of other living or dead organisms
some have slime capsule outside cell wall for more protection
flagellum
types of bacteria
lactobacillus bulgaricus - rod shaped used in yogurt and milk
pneumococcus - spherical acts as a pathogen causing pneumonia
what is a pathogen
a microorganism that causes diseases may include fungi, bacteria, viruses, protoctists
types of protoctists
amoeba - lives in pond water
chlorella - have chloroplasts
plasmodium - pathogenic example which causes malaria
what is a virus
not living organisms. small particles (smaller than bacteria), they are parasitic and only can reproduce inside other living cells, they infect every type of living organism. wide variety of shapes and sizes; they have no cellular structure but have a protein coat and and contain one type of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA.
