The nature-nurture debate Flashcards
(25 cards)
what is nativism
the term that describes a stance that agrees with the nature side of the debate
what is the argument for nature based on
biology
what is the argument for nature
behaviour is the product of innate biological or genetic factors - biologically determined as result of heredity
what does the nature debate say human characteristic are a product of
product of evolution
what does the nature debate say individual differences are a product of
product of each person’s unique genetic code
what does nativism say about how we are born
born with predispositions and pre-programmed behaviours
what is empiricism
the term to describe a stance that agrees with the nurture side of the debate
what does empiricism say about how we are born
born without any innate mechanisms, what we become is due to experiences
what is another way to say the nature - nurture debate
nativism - empiricism debate
what is the argument for nurture based on
the environment
what is the argument for nurture
behaviour is the product of environmental influences - people, events, the physical world
how do empiricists explain psychological characteristics and behaviour differences are the result of
the result of learning
what is an interactionist approach
one that takes a stance inbetween the nature and nurture extremes - suggesting behaviour is the result of an interaction between genetics and the environment
what is something that can be best explained by an interactionist approach
intelligence
how can an interactionist approach explain intelligence
we have a genetic predisposition but whether we reach our potential is due to the environment - our diet, education, brain injury
which approach supports the nature debate best and why
biological approach (genetic focus - hormones, neurochemicals)
which three approaches are interactionist
psychodynamic
cognitive
humanisitic
does the psychodynamic approach lean more to nature or nurture and why
nature (innate drives of sex and aggression but social upbringing in childhood is important)
does the humanistic approach lean more to nature or nurture and why
nurture (basic physical needs but society influences a person’s self concept)
which approach supports the nurture debate best and why
behaviourist (behaviour is learnt through conditioning)
why is the cognitive approach interactionist
innate structures like memory, schemas and perception are shaped by the environment
how can gender support the nature and the nurture side of the debate
nature - effect of genes and chromosomes
nurture - SLT and effect of culture and media
how can attachment support the nature and the nurture side of the debate
nature - bowlby’s theory of innate drive
nurture - classical and operant conditioning in learning to form attachments
how can Schizoprenia support the nature and the nurture side of the debate
nature - dopamine hypothesis
nurture - family dysfunction
