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biology - 3form > THE NATURE&VARIETY OF LIVINGORGANISMS > Flashcards

THE NATURE&VARIETY OF LIVINGORGANISMS Flashcards

1
Q

1.1 what is MRSCGREN

A

movement, respire, sensitivity, control, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition

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2
Q

1.2 what 4 kingdoms are part of the eukaryotic domain

A

plants, animals, protoctista and fungi

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3
Q

1.2 eukaryotes are organisms whose cells

A

contain a proper nucleus

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4
Q

1.2 plants are all _____ cellular

A

multicellular
made of many specialised cells

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5
Q

1.2 plants make their own complex biological molecules by

A

photosynthesis

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6
Q

1.2 plant cells have

A

chloroplasts & cellulose cell wall

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7
Q

1.2 plant cells store carbohydrates as

A

starch or sucrose

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8
Q

1.2 example of a plant

A

peas

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9
Q

1.2 animals are all _____ cellular

A

multicellular
made of many specialised cells

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10
Q

1.2 animals …. to obtain nutrients (biological molecules)

A

eat other living things

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11
Q

1.2 animal cells DONT have

A

chloroplasts or a cell wall

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12
Q

1.2 animal cells store carbohydrates as

A

glycogen

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13
Q

1.2 animals have a _______ system for …

A

nervous system for coordination and movement

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14
Q

1.2 example of an animal

A

humans

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15
Q

1.2 protoctista are all ______ celled

A

single

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16
Q

1.2 some protoctista … others feed on …. or …..

A

photosynthesise,
living organisms
organic remains

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17
Q

1.2 protoctista cells have

A

chloroplasts, cell walls and flagella

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18
Q

1.2 two examples of a protoctista

A

amoeba and chlorella

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19
Q

1.2 many fungi are _____ cellular

A

multi

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20
Q

1.2 fungi consists of threads of cells called

A

hyphae

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21
Q

1.2 the whole structure of a fungi is called a m…

A

mycelium

22
Q

1.2 some fungi have a ____________ structure (mushroom or toadstool_

A

reproductive

23
Q

1.2 fungi are fed by ____________ nutrition

A

saprotrophic

24
Q

1.2 fungi cells have

A

NO chloroplasts
a chitin cell wall
many nuclei per (large) cell

25
Q

1.2 fungi stores carbohydrates as

A

glycogen

26
Q

1.2 two examples of fungi

A

yeast and mucor

27
Q

1.3 prokaryotes means

A

they don’t have a proper nucleus

28
Q

1.3 the genetic material inside a prokaryote is

A

in the cytoplasm in the form of a single circular chromosome

29
Q

1.3 some bacteria p… others are d….

A

photosynthesise others are decomposers

30
Q

1.3 (bacteria) _____________ breaks down milk sugars and is used in ______ production

A

lactobacillus is used in yoghurt production

31
Q

1.3 (bacteria) pneumococcus is pathogenic and one of the causes of

A

pneumonia

32
Q

1.3 bacteria are s___ and s_____

A

small and single-celled organisms

33
Q

1.3 bacterial cells have a

A

cell membrane
controls what enters and leaves the cell

34
Q

1.3 bacterial cell wall is made of

A

peptidoglycan
which maintains shape and protects the cell

35
Q

1.3 bacterial cells have a cytoplasm that

A

contains the circular chromosome where chemical reactions occur

36
Q

1.3 many bacteria also have a _____ capsule

A

slime
outside the cell wall providing more protection

37
Q

1.3 many bacteria also have pl______

A

plasmids
(small circled of DNA containing extra genes)

38
Q

1.3 many bacteria also have a fl_______

A

flagellum
which allows the bacteria to move

39
Q

1.3 decomposers (fungi&SOMEbacteria) feed by s… nutrition

A

saprotrophic nutrition

40
Q

1.3 how does saprotrophic nutrition work

A

they secrete digestive enzymes out their cells onto the
dead organism,
the dead organism is broken down into small soluble molecules
that are then absorbed by the decomposer

41
Q

1.3 example of bacteria

A

lactobacillus bulgaricus

42
Q

1.4 pathogens are microorganisms that

A

cause infectious disease

43
Q

1.4 pathogens harm the host by

A

releasing toxins damaging cells

44
Q

1.4 all viruses are

A

pathogens

45
Q

1.4 b_______ f____ and p__________ can also be pathogens

A

bacteria, fungi and protoctista

46
Q

1.4 viruses are a … surrounded by

A

strand of genetic material
surrounded by a protein coat

47
Q

1.4 viruses are NOT

A

cells and not alive

48
Q

1.4 to reproduce viruses,

A

enter a host cell
take over ribosomes and enzymes
make new virus particles
the cell dies
the viruses are released to infect new cells

49
Q

1.4 viruses can affect

A

ALL other organisms

(tobacco mosaic virus in leaves)
(influenza infects humans - cough&temp)

50
Q

1.4 example of a virus

A

tobacco mosaic virus

biology - 3form (20 decks)

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