The nervous system 2nd year Topic 5

Question 1

What is the nervous system?

Answer 1

It is the major controlling, regulatory and communicating system in the body

It includes all mental activity from thoughts,learning and memory.

Question 2

What is the nervous system divided into?

Answer 2

The central and peripheral nervous system

Question 3

What is the central and the nervous system made up of?

Answer 3

Central: brain and spinal cord

Peripheral: made up of nerves that link the CNS with other body parts

Question 4

Which other system does the nervous system work with and why?

Answer 4

Endocrine system to maintain homeostasis

Because tissues ,cells and organs in the body work together (coordination)

Question 5

True or false.

The nervous system allows organisms to respond to their stimuli

Answer 5

True

Both internal stimuli and external stimuli
Co-ordination

Question 6

Give 3 main functions of the nervous system

Answer 6

1) To collect information from the internal and external environment

2) To process and integrate information

3) To act upon the information by co-ordinating the organism’s activities

Question 7

Which type of cells make up the nervous system?

Answer 7

Nerve cells

Question 8

Know how to label the basic nervous system

Answer 8

GANGLION

brain
spinal cord
nerves
central and peripheral

Question 9

Which cavity in the nervous system is the brain located and which cavity is the spinal cord located in the nervous system?

Answer 9

Brain is located in the cranial cavity in the skull

The spinal cord is located in the vertebral cavity in the vertebral column

Question 10

What does it mean when organisms have sensitivity?

Answer 10

That they are able to respond to stimuli and respond to these changes within the body in their surrounding environment

Question 11

How is the peripheral nervous system further divided?

Answer 11

Somatic and Visceral work together

Autonomic is further divided into the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Question 12

Name the function of the somatic nervous system

Answer 12

Controls voluntary bodily movements with the use of skeletal muscles

Question 13

What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 13

Controls involuntary bodily functions such as breathing, digestive processes or heartbeat. (not consciously directed)

Question 14

Name the function of the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 14

Directs the body’s rapid involuntary responses to dangerous or stressful situations (fight or flight)

Question 15

Name the function of the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 15

Controls bodily functions when a person is at rest. Ex: metabolism, stimulating digestion or helping the body relax

Question 16

What is the difference between afferent division and efferent division?

Answer 16

This has to do with neurons and the direction the nervous information flows through the nervous system

Afferent division: consists of all the neurons that are bringing sensory information towards the CNS

Efferent division: consists of neurons that are conveying information away from the CNS to control muscles and organs in the body in order to initiate a reaction

Question 17

Name the 5 main steps of the nervous system functions

Answer 17

Stimulus: any internal or physical chnage that is happening in the environemnt
Receptor: the body part that detetcts the chnage
Coordinator: the body part that inetrprest the information
Effector: the body part that brings about the chnage
Response: the desired chnage

Question 18

Name the 3 main neurons

Answer 18

Sensory
Relay
Motor

Question 19

Name thr function of these 3 neurons

Answer 19

Sensory: carries nerve elctrical impulses from sensory cells or from organs (receptors) to the CNS (afferent)

Relay: located in the spinal cord,connects the sensory and motor neuron toegther. makes conncentions between other neurons which are located insde the CNS

Motor: carries electrical impulses from the CNS to the muscles or glands (efferent )