The nervous system

Question 1

What are the two major parts of the nervous system?

Answer 1

The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Question 2

What is the central nervous system made up of?

Answer 2

The spinal cord and the brain.

Question 3

How is the CNS connected to the rest of the body?

Answer 3

The CNS is connected to the rest of the body by the PNS.

Question 4

What is the Peripheral nervous system made up of?

Answer 4

The Peripheral nervous system is made up of thick bundles of axons, called nerves, carrying messages back and forth between the CNS and the muscles, organs, and senses in the periphery of the body.

Question 5

What are the two major subdivisions of the Peripheral nervous system?

Answer 5

The somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.

Question 6

What is the Somatic nervous system?

Answer 6

The SNS associated with activities traditionally thought of as conscious and voluntary.

Question 7

What does the Somatic nervous system consist of?

Answer 7

It consists of sensory and motor neurones.

Question 8

What is the Autonomic nervous system?

Answer 8

The autonomic nervous system controls our internal organs and glands and is considered to be involuntary

Question 9

What is the Autonomic nervous system made up of?

Answer 9

It is made up of sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

Question 10

What role does the sympathetic nervous play?

Answer 10

It prepares us for stress-related activities.

Question 11

What role does the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) play?

Answer 11

It is associated with returning the body to routine, day-to-day operations.

Question 12

What is homeostasis?

Answer 12

A state of equilibrium, in which biological conditions (such as body temperature) are maintained at optimal levels.

Question 13

What is the name of the subdivision of the autonomic nervous system that is is associated with returning the body to routine, day-to-day operations?

Answer 13

The parasympathetic nervous system

Question 14

What is the name for the state of optimum that body levels are maintained at?

Answer 14

Homeostasis

Question 15

The Brain?

Answer 15

The brain is a very complex organ made up of billions of interconnected neurons.

• It is a bilateral, or two-sided, structure that can be separated into distinct lobes.

Question 16

Spinal cord

Answer 16

The spinal cord is what connects the brain to the outside world, and allows the brain to act.

• It routes messages to and from the brain but has its own system of automatic process, called reflexes.

Question 17

Reflexes

Answer 17

Reflexes are reactions to stimuli that are rapid and automatic as sensory input is immediately acted upon by the spinal cord without input from the brain.

Question 18

Why are spinal reflexes important?

Answer 18

Spinal reflexes are very important for survival because they allow the body to react very quickly.

Question 19

What are some characteristics of the brain

Answer 19

• Lobed
• Complex organ
• Bilateral

Question 20

What is the PNS (parasympathetic nervous system) also referred to as?

Answer 20

Rest and digest system

Question 21

Which of these is the sympathetic nervous system involved in?

Answer 21

• Increasing heart rate
• Increasing blood pressure
• Fight or flight, emergency responses

Question 22

What body responses does the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) slow?

Answer 22

• Digestion

- Urination

Question 23

What are the 4 main areas of the brain?

Answer 23

• The cerebrum (left and right cerebral hemispheres)
• The cerebellum (balances and coordination
• The diencephalon
• The brain stem (regulates autonominc functions like breathing, heartbeat and swallowing.)

Question 24

The cerebrum

Answer 24

Made up of the right and left cerebal hemispheres which are connected by the corpus callosum. They have FOUR lobes each, which have specialist functions e.g

• Frontal lobe (though and sppech producton
• Occipital lobe (Visual processing)
• The diencephalon
• The hypothalamus

Question 25

The diencephalon

Answer 25

Made up of
- The thalamus (relay of impluses from sensory neurons)
The hypothalmus (regulates body temperature and other homeostatic functions, links to the endocrine system via the pitutary gland)

Question 26

What is the main neurotransitter is the perpheral nervous system?

Answer 26

• Noradrenealine is the main neurotransmitter

Increases HR dialites blood vessels and pupils,slows down non emergency processes like digestion

Question 27

What is the main neurotransmitter is the parasymapthetic nervous sstem?

Answer 27

Acetylcholine

Slows heart beat, reduces blood pressure and restores digestive processes to normal