The Nervous System(s)

Question 1

Part of the Central Nervous System?

Answer 1

The brain and the spinal chord

Question 2

The Peripheral Nervous System?

Answer 2

carries information to and from the CNS – nnerrvveess

Question 3

Two nerves a part of the PNS?

Answer 3

sensory nerves and motor nerves

Question 4

sensory nerves?

Answer 4

carries information to the CNS – carry information as electrical impulses from receptors in the sense organs to the CNS receptors

Question 5

motor nerves?

Answer 5

carries information away from the CNS – carry information away from the CNS in electrical impulses to the effectors – specialised nerve cell z

Question 6

what are receptors?

Answer 6

they are in the skin – they receive the stimulus

Question 7

what are effectors?

Answer 7

muscles and glands

Question 8

what is a stimulus?

Answer 8

anything that triggers a reaction

Question 9

relay nerves?

Answer 9

the neurons that carry electrical impulses from the sensory nerves to the motor nerves.

Question 10

where are relay nerves found?

Answer 10

only found in the CNS

Question 11

how are hormones secreted?

Answer 11

through glands

Question 12

state the process of transmission to and from the CNS

Answer 12

stimulus – receptors – sensory neurones – relay neurones – motor neurones – effector – response

Question 13

what are dendrites?

Answer 13

‘collect’ information from other cells

Question 14

the nucleus?

Answer 14

controls the cell

Question 15

cell body?

Answer 15

controls the metabolism of the nerve cell

Question 16

axon?

Answer 16

is a long fibre which carries information away from the cell body, sometimes over long distances

Question 17

fatty sheath made of myelin

Answer 17

gives electrical insulation between neighbouring cells and makes impulses travel faster

Question 18

what is the space between two neurones called?

Answer 18

a synapse .

Question 19

what is the neurone before diffusion called?

Answer 19

the presynaptic membrane

Question 20

what is the neurone after diffusion called?

Answer 20

the postsynaptic membrane

Question 21

what is the chemical that diffuses across the synapse?

Answer 21

the neurotransmitter

Question 22

what is the nerve running down your leg called?

Answer 22

the sciatic nerve

Question 23

examples of a stimulus?

Answer 23

1. food
2. light
3. heat

Question 24

cranial reflexes?

Answer 24

use the brain as a relay centre without conscious involvement e.g. blinking your eyes

Question 25

learnt reflexes?

Answer 25

need to be set off by a stimulus from a higher region of the brain but once started it always leads to the same response e.g. dog salvation with sound trigger

Question 26

what is the automatic nervous system?

Answer 26

it helps to keep a constant internal environment in the body. does not involve any conscious though e.g. breathing and heartbeat

Question 27

what is the spinal reflex?

Answer 27

uses relay neurones in the spinal chord e.g. withdrawing your hand from a hot object

Question 28

what are transducers?

Answer 28

they convert one form of energy into another

Question 29

examples of receptors? (5)

Answer 29

1. eyes 2. fingers 3. ears 4. nose 5. mouth

Question 30

what does the nervous system do?

Answer 30

coordinates different parts of your body that they work together

Question 31

is the nervous system fast or slow?

Answer 31

fast

Question 32

does the nervous system have long lasting or short term effects?

Answer 32

short term