Hitlers Consolidation of power Flashcards
(27 cards)
What did the Volksgemeinshaft mean regarding other parties?
There could be no other parties other than the Nazi party
How did Hitler create a One-Party state?
KPD effectively banned in Feb 1933
SPD were viewed as ‘hostile to the nation’ an were outlawed June 1933
DNVP and SPD voluntarily dissolve June-July 1933
14 July 1933 Law against formation of new parties
When were Landers abolished?
Jan 1934
What percentage of votes did the Nazis win in Nov 1933?
92
How did the Nazis view the Civil Service?
As an obstacle to their exercise of dictatorial power
How did the Nazis gain control of the Civil Service?
Many officials were forced to resign and replaced by Nazi party appointees
SA placed party officials in government offices to ensure that civil servants were carrying out the orders of the regime
Who was Ernst Rohm?
Leader of the SA
Who was the leader of the SA?
Ernst Rohm
SA membership 1933 and 1934
500k but grew to 3 million
What was the SA’s position before June 1934?
SA was the Nazi’s main instrument of terror and violence
They had gained legal authority and orders were issued forbidding regular police forces from interfering with the SA
Which organisation did not fully trust Hitler?
The German army
Who were the German army particularly worried about?
The SA - they believed Rohm wanted to replace the German army with the SA
Why did the army fear the SA so much?
The army only had 100,000 men - the SA had 3 million
Why did Hitler need the loyalty of the army?
They were realistically the only organisation left with the power to remove him
When previously had the army halted Hitler’s plans?
During the Munich Putsch - they had quickly shut down the attempted seizure of power
What sort of policies did the SA and Rohm in particular support?
More left-wing policies to bring greater equality (this concerned big industrialists - a group whose support Hitler needed)
Which of Hitler’s policies did the army like?
The more nationalist ones: e.g. Lebensraum (living space), taking back the land lost in the Treaty of Versailles
When did the Night of the Long Knives take place?
30 June 1934
How many is it estimated were executed and arrested during the Night of the Long Knives?
84 killed
1000 arrested
Apart from Rohm, which other notable individual was killed in the Night of the Long Knives?
Former Chancellor Kurt von Schliecher - a fierce critic of Hitler
Although the SA was not disbanded, what happened to it after the Night of the Long Knives?
It was relegated to a minor role, subordinate to the SS
What did Hitler show with the Night of the Long Knives?
- He was not afraid to use brutal violence - Terror would be key to his rule of Germany
What key event happened on 2 Aug. 1934 shortly after the Night of the Long Knives?
Hindenburg died
When was the death of Hindenburg
2nd August 1934
