The pectoral region

Question 1

3 parts of the sternum

Answer 1

• manubrium
• body
• xiphoid process

Question 2

jugular notch

Answer 2

indent at top of sternum

Question 3

clavicular notches

Answer 3

indentations on either side of jugular notch
articular site of clavicle

Question 4

costal notches

Answer 4

attachments for ribs

Question 5

sternal angle

Answer 5

angle formed at connection of manubrium and body of sternum

Question 6

xiphisternal joint

Answer 6

connection of body of sternum to xiphoid process

Question 7

what are true ribs

Answer 7

ribs which are directly attached to sternum via costal cartilage

Question 8

what are false ribs

Answer 8

ribs which indirectly attach to sternum via costal cartilage of rib above

Question 9

what are floating ribs

Answer 9

no costal cartilage attachment to sternum

Question 10

how many true ribs

Answer 10

1st to 7th rib

Question 11

how many false ribs

Answer 11

8th to 10th rib

Question 12

how many floating ribs

Answer 12

11th to 12th rib

Question 13

functions of the vertebral column

Answer 13

• protects the spinal cord
• supports the body weight
• movement

Question 14

total number of vertebrae

Answer 14

33

Question 15

number of cervical vertebrae

Answer 15

7
C1 - C7

Question 16

number of thoracic vertebrae

Answer 16

12
T1 - T12

Question 17

number of lumbar vertebrae

Answer 17

5
L1 - L5

Question 18

number of sacral vertebrae

Answer 18

5
sacrum

Question 19

number of coccygeal vertebrae

Answer 19

4
coccyx

Question 20

vertebral body

Answer 20

big chunky bit on anterior side

Question 21

vertebral foramen

Answer 21

hole posterior to vertebral body

Question 22

spinous process

Answer 22

protrudes posteriorly

Question 23

transverse process

Answer 23

protrudes transversally

Question 24

Pectoralis major

Answer 24

large, fan-shaped, superficial muscle covering superior thorax.
has 2 heads: clavicular and sternocostal

Question 25

pec major origin

Answer 25

- medial half of clavicle (clavicular head) - anterior surface of sternum - upper 7 costal cartilages - external oblique aponeurosis (sternocostal head)

Question 26

pec major insertion

Answer 26

- lateral lip of intertubercular/bicipital groove - muscle fibres with superior origin, insert inferior - muscle fibres with more inferior origin, insert superior

Question 27

pec major innervation

Answer 27

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Question 28

pec major action

Answer 28

adduction, medial rotation and flexion of arm at shoulder joint

Question 29

pec minor origin

Answer 29

surfaces of ribs 3, 4 and 5 deep in pec major

Question 30

pec minor insertion

Answer 30

coracoid process of the scapula

Question 31

pec minor innervation

Answer 31

medial pectoral nerve

Question 32

pec minor action

Answer 32

- draws scapula forward and down - assists in raising ribs during inspiration

Question 33

serratus anterior origin

Answer 33

external lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8/9

Question 34

serratus anterior insertion

Answer 34

anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula

Question 35

serratus anterior innervation

Answer 35

long thoracic nerve

Question 36

serratus anterior action

Answer 36

- fixes scapula against the thoracic wall - assists in lateral rotation of the scapula allowing arm to be raised over 90 degrees

Question 37

subclavius origin

Answer 37

junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage

Question 38

subclavius insertion

Answer 38

subclavian groove of clavicle

Question 39

subclavius innervation

Answer 39

nerve to subclavius

Question 40

subclavius action

Answer 40

draws clavicle down and forward stabilises sternoclavicular joint