The Periodic Table

Question 1

Element

Answer 1

substance that cannot be split into simpler substances by chemical means.

Question 2

Triad

Answer 2

group of 3 elements with similar chemical properties in which the atomic weight of the middle element is approximately equal to the average of the other 2.

Question 3

Newland’s Octaves

Answer 3

arrangements of elements in which the first and the 8th element counting from a particular element have similar properties.

Question 4

Mendeleev’s Periodic Law

Answer 4

when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic weight the properties of the elements recur periodically.

Question 5

Atomic Number

Answer 5

number of protons in the nucleus of that atom.

Question 6

Modern Periodic Law

Answer 6

when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number the properties of the elements recur periodically.

Question 7

Mass Number

Answer 7

sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of that element.

Question 8

Isotope

Answer 8

atoms of the same element which have different mass numbers.

Question 9

Relative atomic mass

Answer 9

average mass of atom of the element compared to 1/12 of carbon-12 isotope.

Question 10

Principle of mass spectrometry

Answer 10

harged particles moving in a magnetic field are deflected to different extents according to their masses and are thus separated according to these masses.

Question 11

Aufbau Principle

Answer 11

when building up the electron configuration of an atom in its ground state, the electrons occupy the lowest available energy level.

Question 12

Hund’s Rule of Maximum Multiplicity

Answer 12

when 2 or more orbitals of equal energy are available, the electrons occupy them singly before filling them in pairs.

Question 13

Pauli’s Exclusion Principle

Answer 13

no more than 2 electrons may occupy an orbital and they must have opposite spin.