The Role of Experience

Question 1

Classical conditioning was first described by:

Answer 1

Ivan Pavlov

Question 2

In operant conditioning, behaviours that are rewarded are being:

Answer 2

Reinforced

Question 3

A reinforcer that satisfies biological needs is called:

Answer 3

Primary

Question 4

Observational learning requires attention, retention, reproduction, and:

Answer 4

Motivation

Question 5

The phenomenon where previously extinguished CR reemerges is:

Answer 5

Spontaneous recovery

Question 6

In Skinner’s box, the lever press is an example of:

Answer 6

Operant behaviour

Question 7

Shaping involves:

Shaping is behaviour modification, they promote behaviours that are close to what they want (one of the key words there) over and over until they reach their desired goal

Answer 7

Reinforcing successive approximations

Question 8

Taste aversion learning violates the rule of:

Answer 8

Contiguity

the close proximity in time or space between two events, which can lead to the formation of an association between them

Question 9

The zone of proximal development is part of:

describes the space between what a learner can do independently and what they can achieve with the guidance of a more knowledgeable other (MKO) or through collaboration with peers

Answer 9

Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory

Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory emphasizes the crucial role of social interaction and cultural context in cognitive development.

Question 10

Latent learning demonstrates that learning can occur without:

Answer 10

Reinforcement

Question 11

Preparedness refers to the tendency to:

Answer 11

Learn some associations more easily

Question 12

The misinformation effect shows how post-event information can:

Answer 12

Distort memory