The scientific revolution and the human body Flashcards
(41 cards)
The scholastics did very little of what in science?
direct study of nature
science can exist without what but needs what?
extensive technology (Greeks)
but needs literacy
Technology can exist without what two things?
science
(middle ages)
literacy (passed on from master to apprentice, verbally or demonstration)
In the middle ages, what did science become established in?
technology and commerce, not in written scholarship or the church. Therefore the church lost control of science
What was the reformation? Who initiated it?
was initiated by Martin Luther 1517
western European christianity fractured into Catholic and protestant camps
What middle age technology had importance in later science?
wine press–> printing press
trebuchet
horse shoe
a metal plow
Who invented the printing press?
Johannes Gutenberg 1440
What did geographic discoveries do?
brought back new plants and animals to europe
What did Copernicus study and what did he argue in favour of?
Astronomy
on the motions of heavenly Bodies (1543) argued in favour of the heliocentric model of the solar system
What did Kepler study and what were his findings?
astronomy
he showed that planetary orbits are ellipses not circles
What did galileo study?
what did he discover?
astronomy, physics, math, philosophy, scientific method
was one of the first to use a telescope and he discovered imperfections; sunspots, mountains on the moon, jupiter’s moons
What did Isaac Newton study and what were his ideas?
astronomy, physics, math, phil of science
idea that the universe operates according to simple, universal quantitative laws
Leonardo Da Vinci
what was the state of his scientific work?
finished very few of them, did not organize or publish any scientific works
What was Leo’s affect on anatomy?
he incorporated anatomy into his art
What did Vesalius do?
he produced the first accurate, high-quality book of human anatomy ever published: on the Fabric of the Human Body(1543)
Copernicus was to ptolemy, as Vesalius was to who?
Galen
Vesalius viewed Galenic anatomy how?
Skeptically due to discrepancies noticed
Who did Vesalius do dissections under?
Jacobus Sylvius (a Galenist)
Where did Vesalius graduate and teach ? how old was he?
university of Padua
became a teacher in anatomy right after graduation at 22
When did modern medicine “begin”
When Vesalius realized that Galen had never dissected a body
What was a struggle that Vesalius had with teaching?
finding bodies was very hard. He had to make friends with a judge so he could give the dead criminal bodies to him
Vesalius’s book had two main virtues what were they?
anatomical correctness and high-quality illustrations. Also it was printed, so it was widely avalible
What were the Fabric of the human bodies 7 parts?
skeleton
muscles
vascular system
nervous system
abdominal viscera
thorasic viscera
brain/ eye
Vesalius’s anatomy went beyond Galen but what did not?
His physiology did not
did not propose the circulation of the Blood
