The Shot Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are the components that make up a shot?
Framing, onscreen and offscreen space, camera position, camera movement, lens, tonality of film stock, speed of motion, process shot
What does framing create in a shot?
Border that delimits what viewer sees, provides vantage point upon material in image, defines onscreen/offscreen space
What is aspect ratio?
Ratio of width to height, has historically varied with widescreen introduced in response to television
What is onscreen space?
What is bounded within the frame
What is offscreen space?
What is implied to be spatially outside the frame, often cued by glances offscreen and offscreen sounds
What are the three main variations of camera angle?
Straight-on, high angle, low angle
What is the significance of camera distance in a shot?
Determines the placement of the frame at a certain height in relation to the mise-en-scene
What is shot distance
Usually for straight on shots camera is placed at eye-level the distance of the camera from the mise-en-scene
The placement of the frame at a certain height in relation to the mise-en-scene usually for straight on shots camera is placed at eye-level
Selection determined on appropriateness to revealing salient narrative details
What is focal length?
Distance from center of lens to point where light rays converge to a point of focus
What are the four main types of lenses?
- Short focal length lens
- Ultra wide angle lens
- Middle focus length lens
- Long focus length lens
What is depth of field?
The range of distances before the lens within which objects appear in sharp focus
What is deep focus?
Technique where all elements of an image - foreground, middle ground, and background are all in sharp focus
What does tonality refer to in film?
Combination of colours of a particular tone, determined by film stock and post-production processes
What is speed ramping?
Post-production effect of changing frame rate within a shot
What are process shots?
Photographic manipulation of the image, usually created in post-production
What is superimposition in film?
Double exposure of more than one image
What aspect ratio did Yasujirô Ozu regularly use?
1.37:1 aspect ratio
What lens did Ozu exclusively use in his later films?
50 mm lens that was normal in terms of reduced distortion
How did Ozu change camera height in relation to the object filmed?
Between halfway and two-thirds of the way down of the object filmed
What is gradual focus in Ozu’s films?
Objects and characters in the foreground are sharply in focus, while midground and background become gradually more diffuse
True or False: Ozu frequently used camera movements after his first color film.
False
What is an extreme long shot?
Shows the entire environment to emphasize landscape or cityscape, human figures barely discernible
What is a long shot?
Captures the subject from a distance with emphasis still on backgrounds but characters become recognizable
What is a medium long shot?
Characters are framed from the knees up
