the skull Flashcards
(194 cards)
1
Q
tmj is what kind of jt
A
condyloid/synovial
2
Q
how many bones in skull
A
22
3
Q
neurocranium is howmany bones and protects
A
8 bones and protect the brain
4
Q
what are the bones of the neurocranium
A
frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, ethmoid, sphenoid
5
Q
what are the pairs of bones in the neurocranium
A
parietal and temporal
6
Q
how many bones is in the viscerocranium and makes up the
A
14 bones and bulk of the face
7
Q
what bones make up the viscerocranium
A
nasal, lacrimal, vomer, inferior conchae, zygomatic bones, maxillae, palatine, mandible
8
Q
what are the pairs of bones for the viscerocranium
A
nasal, lacrimal, inferior conchae, zygomatic bones, maxillae, palatine
9
Q
viscerocranium surrounds the () and () openings
A
digestive and respiratory
10
Q
what bones can you see from an anterior view (5)
A
frontal, nasal, maxilla, zygomatic, bones of orbit and nasal cavities mandible
11
Q
sutures are generally named after
A
articulating bones
12
Q
what are the anterior landmarks
A
frontal eminences, parietal eminences, superficial ciliary arches, glabella, nasion, anterior nasal spine
13
Q
the frontal eminence is prominent in
A
men
14
Q
the frontal eminence is () in women
A
rounded
15
Q
acromegaly causes giants to get larger
A
frontal eminences
16
Q
the frontal eminences represents the
A
primary center of ossification
17
Q
what is the front eminences
A
forhead bumps like horns
18
Q
what does the parietal eminences represent
A
primary ossification center
19
Q
where do u find the parietal eminences
A
back of head
20
Q
what are the superficial ciliary arches found
A
above eyebrows (cavemen)
21
Q
what happens when u get hit in the superficial ciliary arches
A
loose ct so get blood under eye and get black eye
22
Q
what is the glabella
A
where superficial ciliary arches meet above bridge of nose, means hairless
23
Q
where is the nasion
A
under glabella
24
Q
define nasion
A
point where internasal suture and frontal nsal suture meet
25
where do you find the anterior nasal spine
bottom of nasal opening where it protrudes a lil
26
what foramina do you see in the anterior view (5)
supraorbital notch, infraorbital foramen, anterior nasal apertures, zygomaticofacial foramen, mental foramen
27
what does the supraorbital foramen nerve supply
supraorbital nerve supplies foreahead
28
what does the infraorbital foramen nerve supply
like cheek area
29
what nerve supplies mouth and jaw
mental nerve
30
what nerve supplies the cheek bone
zygomaticofascial nerve branch of trigeminal
31
what passes through the mental foramen
mental nerve, artery, vein (branch of trigeminal)
32
coronal suture separates
frontal and parietal bones
33
what are the bones can be seen in the posterior view 3
parietal occipital (squamous portion) temporal (mastoid process)
34
sutures seen in posterior 3
sagittal lamboidal occipitomastoid
35
landmarks 4
lambda, parietal eminences, nucal liens, eop
36
another name for inion
external occipital protuberance
37
foramina in posterior view
parietal
38
what goes through the parietal foramina
emmesary veins (variable in number)
39
what does the emmesary veins connect
external and internal veins of the skull connects the inner to outer
40
what could happen clinically with emmesary veins
you could get an infection from scalp into brain and get meningitis
41
what is the end of the inion called
external occipital crest
42
what is the tip of eop called
inion
43
what is the lambda
where saggital and lambdoid suture meet
44
what is lambda a former site of
posterior fontanelle canal
45
what is the posterior fontanelle canal in babies
soft spot in babies
46
what does parts of skull first start off as
mesenchymal membrane
47
whats the highest point on skull called
vertex
48
what does the lambdoid suture separate
parietal and occipital bone
49
what bones can you see from a lateral view 9
frontal, nasal maxilla zygomatic mandible sphenoid parietal temporal occipital
50
landmarks lateral view 9
anterior nasal spine, frontal eminences, parietal eminences, pterion, asterion, superior and inferior temporal lines, zygomatic arches, infratemporal crest, vertex
51
foramina lateral view 5
zygomaticofacial foramina, zygomaticotemporal foramina, pterygomaxillary fissure, inferior orbital fissure, external auditory meatus
52
what is the former site of the posteriorlateral fontanelle
asterion
53
what 3 bones make up the asterion
parietal, occipital, temporal
54
why called squamous suture
cause borders the squamous portion of temporal bone
55
what does squamous mean
flat
56
what occupies the temporal fossa
temporalis muscle
57
what makes the temporal fossa
superior and inferior temporal lines
58
what is the pterion (bones that make it)
the frontal, parietal temporal, sphenoid
59
what is the pterion a former site of
soft spot anteriorlateral fontanelle
60
what is the clinical significance of the pterion
thin bone so fx easy, rupture middle meningeal artery and get epidural hematoma
61
what is a epidural hematoma
when dura mater separates from periosteum
62
what happens if you fx the pterion on the left side
you hit brocas area and get motor aphasia
63
what is motor aphasia
inability to speek
64
what is the center for motor speech
brocas area
65
where do u find brocas area
found on left/dominant hemisphere
66
what is the little bump from a lateral view inferior nose
anterior nasal spine
67
what is an extra bone in skull called
wormian bone/ sutural bone
68
why get extra bone
failure of sutures fusing , find in lambda too
69
what bones can u superior view
frontal parietal occipital
70
what sutures do u see superior view
coronal sagittal lambdoidal
71
landmarks of superior view
bregma lambda frontal and parietal eminences
72
what foramina see in superior view
parietal foramina
73
what is the bones in the inferior/basal view anterior part
maxilla, palatine zygomatic
74
what sutures see in inferior/basal view anterior part
cruciform
75
what is the cruciform a combo of
intermaxillary, palatomaxillary and interpalatine sutures
76
what landmarks seen in inferior/basal view anterior part 4
incisive fossa, alveolar arch, posterior nasal spine, maxillary tuberosity
77
3 foramina seen inferior/basal view anterior part
incisive foramina- located in the incisive fosasa
| greater and lesser palatine foramina
78
what bones see inferior view middle part
vomer palatine sphenoid temporal occipital
79
what is function of vomer
forms nasal septum and divides nasal cavity into right and left
80
what are the parts of the sphenoid
greater and lesser wing
81
what are the parts of the temporal bone
squamous portion, styloid process, mastoid process, zygomatic process, tympanic plate
82
what landmark seen in inferior view middle part 5
pterygoid hamulus, pharyngeal tubercle, spine of sphenoid, styloid process, articular (mandibular) fossa
83
what are the foramina of inferior middle part 6
posterior nasal aperatures, foramen lacerum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, carotid foramen, EAM
84
what are the bones see in inferior view posterior part
temporal occipital
85
what is suture see inferior posterior view
occipitomastoid
86
what is the landmarks seen inferior view posterior part 8
occipital condyles, condylar fossa, jugular process, superior and inferior nuchal lines, external occipital crest, EOP, mastoid process, digastric/mastoid notch
87
what foramina see inferior view posterior part
foramen magnum, jugular foramen, hypoglossal canal, condylar foramen, sylomastoid foramen, mastoid foramina
88
what do you find deep to the incisive fossa
incisive foramina
89
what goes through incisive foramina
nasal palatine nerves, arteries and veins
90
what is function of alveolar arch
where teeth arise
91
what is the rough surface are you find on posterior surface of maxillary bone
maxillary tuberosity
92
what goes through the greater and lesser palatine foramina
transmits nerves a, v of same name greater palatine fossa
93
what makes up the cruciform suture
interpalatine suture and maxilopalatine suture
94
what is the little protrusion formed by palatine bone
posterior nasal spine
95
terogate process has a () and () plate
medial and lateral plate
96
what is the elevation of the mandibular fossa called
articular eminence
97
what does the articular eminence prevent
dislocation of tmj
98
what does the foramen spinosum transmit
middle meningeal artery and nervous spinosum (branch of trigeminal nerve)
99
what is transmitted through foramen ovale
mandibular nerve
100
what bounds the foramen lacerum
occipital sphenoid and petrous part
101
in real life what is closed by fibrocartilage but is a hole in a skull
foramen lacerum
102
where find groove for auditory tube/ pharyngeal tempanic tube/ eustacian tube
between sphenoid bone and petrous part of temporal bone
103
what does the mandible/condyle articulate on skull
articular fossa/mandibular fossa
104
what is the hardest portion of temporal bone
petrous portion
105
what does the petrous portion house
carotid canal and middle and inner ear
106
what is the carotid canal a passage way for
internal carotid artery
107
where find ossicles
middle ear
108
what does the external opening of carotid canal have traveling through it
internal carotid artery
109
superior to the condyle of the skull is the
hypoglossal canal/foramen
110
what does the hypoglossal canal transmits
hypoglossal nerve
111
what does the condyles of the skull articulate with
lateral masses of atlas
112
what does the stylomastoid foramen transmit
stylomastroid artery and facial nerve
113
clinical significance of mastoid process in newborns
if havea hard delivery they get salad tongue and could pull baby out and impinge facial nerve and asymmetry of face
114
jugular foramen is bounded b/w
temporal and occipital bone
115
jugular foramen transmits
internal jugular vein and nerves 9-11 cranial??
116
what is the internal jugular vein a counter part ot
internal carotid artery
117
what passes through foramen magnum
spinal cord and dura mater tectorial membrane vertebral artery and spinal portion of accessory nerve
118
what does the mastoid foramen transmits
emmesary vein
119
what is medial to mastoid process
a groove
120
what is the attachment site for digastric muscle
mastoid notch/digastric notch
121
condylar foramen is or is not present all the time and transmits what
is not, emmesary vein
122
what is the bump in the center of the basilar portion of the occipital bone called
pharyngeal tubercle
123
where does the semispinalis capitis attached to
in between the inferior nucal line and superior nuchal line
124
where does the traps attach to
superior nucal line
125
bones see on internal surface of cranial vault
frontal parietal occipital
126
cranial vault aka
skull cap
127
sutures seen on internal surface of cranial vault
coronal sagittal lamboid
128
landmarks for internal surface of cranial vault
sulcus for superior sagittal sinu, oval depressions for arachnoid granultaions, grooves for meningeal vessels
129
foramina seen in internal surface of cranial vault
parietal foramina
130
the little holes next to the sagittal suture are and transmit
parietal foramen , emmesary veins
131
what are the grooves on the inner surface of the parietal bone for
middle meningeal arteries
132
the oval depressions/caveolae is for () and extensions of ()
is for arachnoid granulations, extensions of arachnoid mater
133
the groove in the sagittal suture is for
superior sagittal sinus
134
the foramen cecum has what transmitting through it
emmesery vein
135
where do u find the foramen cecum
between frontal crest and crista gali
136
what is meningitis preceeded as
nasal infection
137
what is the line in the middle of the cribiform
crista gali
138
what are parts of ethmoid bone
crista gali and cribiform plate
139
prechiasmatic sulcus aka
chiamastic groove
140
where does the optic nerve cross
prechiasmatic sulcus
141
what is the roof of the orbital cavity
orbital plate of the frontal bone
142
the holes in the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone are for the
olfactory nerves for smell
143
what fissure is underneat the smaller wing of sphenoid and above the greater wing
superior orbital fissure
144
what does the superior orbital fissure transmit
ophthalmic veins, ophthalmic nerve (division of trigeminal) cranial nerve 3,4,6
145
the foramen rotundum is passageway for
maxillary portion of trigeminal nerve
146
where is the pituitary gland located
hypophyseal fossa
147
what is pituitary gland aka
hypohysis
148
what makes the sella turcica
tuberculum sellae (anteriorly) and posteriorly dorsum sellae and hypophyseal fossa
149
posterior clinoid process is the ends of
dorsum sellae
150
the groove for middle meningeal artery connects to teh
foramen spinosum
151
the foramen spinosum transmits
the middle meningeal artery
152
wwhat is transmitted by foramen ovale
mandibular nerve
153
what bounds the foramen lacerum
occipital bone, sphenoid, petrous
154
the foramen lucerem is superimposed with
opening of carotid canal
155
what can you find near the crest of petrous bone
groove for superor petrosal sinus?
156
what is the down slope found on the inner basilar portion of occipital bone
clivus
157
what does the petrous portion of the temporal bone contain
middle ear, inner cavity and jugular vein
158
internal acoustic meatus transmit nerve () and () and () artery
nerve 7, 8 and internal acoustic artery/labyrinth artery
159
what supplies blood ot the internal ear
internal acoustic artery aka labyrinth artery
160
where does the cerebellum sit
cerebellar fossa
161
what supplies blood ot the internal ear
internal acoustic artery aka labyrinth artery
162
where does the cerebellum sit
cerebellar fossa
163
what is between groove for tansverse sinus and internal occipital crest
internal occipital protuberance IOP
164
what does the transverse sinus becomes
sigmoid sinus
165
what does the sigmoid sinus become
internal jugular vein
166
what is in the body of the sphenoid bone
the sphenoid sinus
167
the sphenoid sinus is what kind of sinus
paranasal sinus
168
what are the paranasal sinuses
air filled caivites
169
tranverse, sigmoid, superior sagittal sinus are what kind of sinuses
dural sinuses that contains venous vessels
170
the mandibular foramen summits what nerve
inferior alveolar nerve
171
the inferior alveolar nerve provides sensation to
lower teeth
172
the inferior alveolar nerve exits through the () foramen and is calle teh
mental nerve
173
what gaurds the mandibular foramen
lingula
174
what does the sublingual fossa house
ssalivary glands
175
below the mylohyoid line is the () fossa which houses the ()
submandibular fossa, submandibular salivary gland
176
whats next to the mental protuberance
mental tubercles
177
what is it called when the mandibledoesnt completely fuse and get cleft chin
symphysis mentaie
178
angle of mandible aka
gonion
179
what is between groove for tansverse sinus and internal occipital crest
internal occipital protuberance IOP
180
what does the transverse sinus becomes
sigmoid sinus
181
what does the sigmoid sinus become
internal jugular vein
182
what is in the body of the sphenoid bone
the sphenoid sinus
183
the sphenoid sinus is what kind of sinus
paranasal sinus
184
what are the paranasal sinuses
air filled caivites
185
tranverse, sigmoid, superior sagittal sinus are what kind of sinuses
dural sinuses that contains venous vessels
186
the mandibular foramen summits what nerve
inferior alveolar nerve
187
the inferior alveolar nerve provides sensation to
lower teeth
188
the inferior alveolar nerve exits through the () foramen and is calle teh
mental nerve
189
what gaurds the mandibular foramen
lingula
190
what does the sublingual fossa house
ssalivary glands
191
below the mylohyoid line is the () fossa which houses the ()
submandibular fossa, submandibular salivary gland
192
whats next to the mental protuberance
mental tubercles
193
what is it called when the mandibledoesnt completely fuse and get cleft chin
symphysis mentaie
194
angle of mandible aka
gonion
