The Social Self (3) key terms

Question 1

Affective forecasting

Answer 1

When people try to predict how they’re gonna feel about a situation in the future. Belongs to Introspection

Question 2

Bask in reflecte glory (BIRG)

Answer 2

When people identify themselves with a succesful group of people, like a winning sports team, to feel better about themselves and improve their self-esteem

Question 3

Dialicticism

Answer 3

This means that you’re able to accept that contradicting characteristics can coexist in the same person. This often occurs in eastern cultures

Question 4

Downward social comparisson

Answer 4

When you compare yourself to a person who’s less successful than you, when you yourself have failed, to uphold your self-esteem

Question 5

Facial feedback hypothesis

Answer 5

This is the idea that different facial expressions trigger you to feel an emotion associated with that facial expression (James Laird) . It is part of the social perception theory

Question 6

Implicit egotism

Answer 6

This is when people unconsciously show signs of self-esteem

Question 7

Overjustification effect

Answer 7

This shows that when people are rewarded for an activity they were intrinsically motivated for, they will lose intrinsic motivation for that activity

Question 8

Private self-consciousness

Answer 8

When a person is more likely to introspect about their feelings

Question 9

Public self-consciousness

Answer 9

When a person in more likely to pay attention to their public image

Question 10

Self-awareness theory

Answer 10

This theory states that when people are forced to focus on themselves, they mainly see their discrepancies, which they then want to reduce by escaping their awareness or change their behavior (Robert Wicklund et al.)

Question 11

Self-concept

Answer 11

The sum total of beliefs a person has about themselve

Question 12

Self-esteem

Answer 12

A person’s positive or negative evaluations of themselves

Question 13

Self-handicapping

Answer 13

This describes he tendency for people to purposefully set themselves up for failure, so that when they fail, they have an excuse for it and can uphold their self-esteem

Question 14

Self-monitoring

Answer 14

This describes the tendency for people to adapt their behavior to fit social settings (Mark Snyder). You can either be high or low in self-monitoring

Question 15

Self-perception theory

Answer 15

This states that people observe and interpret their own behavior when their internal states don’t provide an explanation for that behavior (Daryl Berm)

Question 16

Self-presentation

Answer 16

This refers to the way people present themselves to influence the way they and others see them

Question 17

Self-regulation

Answer 17

This is when people control or change their urges and behaviors to fit in the idea of what is socially acceptable

Question 18

Self-schemas

Answer 18

These are beliefs people hold about certian things (Hazel Markus). Together they make up the sef-concept

Question 19

Social comparison theory

Answer 19

This states that when people are uncertain about their abilities, opinions or emotions they compare themselves to others to find the answer (Leon Festinger)

Question 20

Terror management theory

Answer 20

This states that people have a constant fear of death, and to cope with that they construct worldviews that improve their self-esteem (Greenberg, Solomon, Pyszczynski)

Question 21

Two factor theory of emotion

Answer 21

This states that t feel emotion, two factor are necessary: physiological arousal and a cognitive interpretation of that arousal (Schachter & Singer). This is strongly linked with social comparisson theory