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Physics > The Standard Model > Flashcards

The Standard Model Flashcards

1
Q

What is the standard model?

A

A theory concerning electromagnetic, weak and strong nuclear reactions that classify atomic particles

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2
Q

What are the limitations of the standard model?

A
  1. Aspects of general relativity aren’t explained
  2. Gravity is unexplained
  3. Dark matter/energy can’t be explained
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3
Q

What is a real photon?

A
  1. Emitted when particles accelerate
  2. Exists indefinitely
  3. Propagates to infinity unless interrupted
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4
Q

What is a virtual photon?

A
  1. Doesn’t exist indefinitely
  2. Continuously absorbed and re-emitted
  3. Energy and momentum aren’t related
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5
Q

What are the four fundamental forces?

A
  1. Strong
  2. Weak
  3. Electromagnetic
  4. Gravitational
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6
Q

What is the function of the strong force?

A

It’s the exchange of virtual gluons and functions to hold protons together
(Quarks + Gluons)

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7
Q

What is the function of the weak force?

A

The exchange of Virtual W and Z bosons that functions to converts neutrons into protons
(Quarks and Leptons)

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8
Q

What is the function of the electromagnetic force?

A

The exchange of virtual photons that function to hold electrons in place
(W, Quarks and Leptons)

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9
Q

What is the function of the gravitational force?

A

The exchange of virtual gravitons and is ignored in the subatomic world
(All)

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10
Q

Definition of fermions

A

Have a spin of one half

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11
Q

Definition of leptons

A

Have a negative one charge

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12
Q

Definition of quarks

A

Have a charge of 2/3 or negative 1/3

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13
Q
A
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14
Q

Definition of hadrons

A

Integer charges with anything made of quarks/antiquarks

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14
Q

Definition of mesons

A

Quark and antiquark pairs

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14
Q

Definitions of baryons

A

Quark triplets where boson number is 1 or negative 1

15
Q

Definition of bosons

A

Spin of 1 and is a force carrier

16
Q

What is the difference between force and interaction?

A

Force is the effect on a particle due to the presence of another.
Interactions are all the forces that affect one particle (including any decays/annihilations)

Physics (11 decks)

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