The Structure of Matter Flashcards
(85 cards)
The first group of people who recorded reference to the investigation of the structure of matter. They also thought that matter was composed of four substances : earth,water, air and fire
Greek - called greek atoms
It is the building block of the radiogrpaher’s understanding of the interaction between ionizing radiation and matter
Atom
What are the four basic essences when the combination of the four substances happen according to greek atom?
Wet
Dry
Hot
Cold
Where was the word atom originated?
Greek
atom in scientific explanation
Indivisible
A(not) + temon (cut) = cannot be cut (smallest)
How many substances or elements have been identified today? How many are naturally occuring and artificially producedL
112
92 - naturally occuring
20 - artificially produced
It is the smallest particle of matter that has the properties of an element
Atom
Particles that are much smaller that the atom
Subatomic particles
He showed that the elements should be classified according to integral value of the atomic mass
John Dalton, 1808
What is John Dalton’s physical combination of one type of atom with another called?
Eye-and-hook affair
According to him an element was composed of identical atoms that reacted the same way chemically. E.g. All oxygen atoms were alike
John Dalton
Eye-and-hook affair is explained by
John Dalton
Who invented the first periodic table of elements?
Dmitri Mendeleev
He showed that if the elements were arrenged in order of increasing atomic mass, a periodic reptition of similar chemical properties occured
Dmitri Mendeleev
During the time of Dmitri Mendeleev, how many elements had beed identified?
65
The subscript in each of the element in the periodic table is the _______ ________
Atomic number
True/False - all elements in the same group react chemically in a different fashion and have similar phisycal properties.
False
The superscript in each element in the periodic table is the _________ ____
Elemental mass
What do we call the group I in the periodic table of elements?
Alkali metals
The group VII in the periodic table of elements are called _______
Halogens
They are soft metals that combine readily with oxygen and react violently with water
Alkali metals - Group I
They are the group in the periodic table of elements which are easily vaporized and combine with metals to form water-soluble salts
Group VII - halogens
The group VIII elements in the periodic table is called
Noble gases
The group in the periodic table that are highly resistant to reaction with other metals
Noble gases - Group VIII