The Systems Flashcards
What does haemoglobin combine with oxygen to form?
Oxyhemoglobin which quickly releases the oxygen which diffuses into cells
What do red blood cells transport?
oxygen
Carbon dioxide
What to capillaries have that help with gas exchange?
A large surface area
Thin walls
Close contact with living cells in tissues/organs
Which is the thicker ventricle?
The right’s walls are thicker than the left’s
Where does the heart obtain its blood supply from?
The coronary artery
What does blood leave the heart via?
Artery
What does blood flow through back to the heart?
Veins
What are the differences between arteries and veins?
Arteries: small central channel, thick walls, high pressure, no valves
Veins: large central channel, thin walls, low blood pressure, valves to prevent back flow
What is the route blood takes through the heart?
It enters through the vena cava Right atrium right ventricle left ventricle Left atria Aorta
What does the nervous system do?
Allows the body to respond appropriately go external changes this maintaining stable body conditions
What are nerves?
Specialised cells that carry messages in the form of electrical impulses to and from the CNS
What’s the junction from one Neuton and the next called?
Synapse (chemical signals occur across them
What does the central nervous system do?
Sort out information received from the senses and sends messages to muscles or glands so an appropriate response can be made
What is a reflex action?
A rapid, automatic, involuntary response to a stimulus
Explain the path along the reflex arc?
Stimulus Sensory nerve Relay nerve Motor neurone nerve Response
What happens during breathing?
Oxygen is absorbed and carbon dioxide is released
Why are alveoli efficient for gas exchange?
Large surface area
Good blood supply
Thin walls
What type of transport occurs between the alveoli to the surrounding blood vessels?
Osmosis
What does the cilia do? (Mucus)
The rhythmic beating of the cilia sweeps MUCUS containing trapped dirt and micro organisms up and out or the lungs