The Telegraphic n Post-telegraphic stage Flashcards
(41 cards)
What age does the Telegraphic stage occur?
2-3 years
What are the key points of the Telegraphic stage?
- utterances gradually get longer
- sentences produced make sense but are not yet grammatically complete
- utterances will incorporate key content words
- some grammatical words will be omitted
‘MUMMY GET MILK’
At what point does the Pot-telegraphic stage occur?
3+ years
What are the key points of the Post-Telegraphic stage?
- Pre school language stage
- both content n grammatical words now appear
- utterances more closely resemble adult speech
- shows evidence of growing
Why is the Post-telegraphic stage important?
Transcripts we will look at on our exam papers
What is a key feature of the Post-telegraphic stage?
- by inverting the subject and object the meaning changes
- literal meaning to conveying humour
- more complex understanding of the subject object positioning
Functions and word class
Gaining confidence with inflectional functions and understanding the ways in which particular words might have different endings according to quantity, scale or time
What are open words classes?
LEXICAL
- a word class that is generally open to new membership
What are inflectional functions?
The way that an affix shows a grammatical category such as verb tense or plural noun
What are closed word classes?
A word class which doesn’t really admit new members
What are the 4 open word classes?
1- noun
2- verb
3- adjective
4- adverb
What is a lexeme?
The basic unit of meaning in he lexicon or vocabulary of a specific language or culture
What is an affix?
An addition to the base form or stem of a word in order to modify its meaning or create a new word
What are closed word classes used for?
Provide connections and cohesion between other words, fewer new members and a smaller group of word classes
What are the 4 closed word classes?
1- Pronouns, substitute noun
2- Determiners, detail or clarity
3- Prepositions, time or place
4- Conjunctions, connections between larger structures
What is a regular inflection?
n- dog-dogs
adv- fast/er/est
verb- walk/s/ing
What are irregular inflections?
n- child/ren
adv- more/most
verb- goes/went
What are virtuous errors?
Grammatical and semantic errors that are understandable and logical through an incorrect assumption being made about grammar rules
What does recast mean?
Grammatically non standard utterance of a child is spoken back tot eh child but in standard form
Key research
BROWN
Identified typical features of grammatical development and when such features might emerge
14 morphemes- conclusions drawn
- seen as a benchmark for typical development patterns
What is a morpheme?
a meaningful morphological unit of a language that cannot be further divided
in,come,ing
Grammar development- pronouns
Alongside the development of syntactical and inflectional awareness, a child must also learn o differentiate between a subject and object pronoun
- young speakers often confuse me and I
Key Research
BELLUGI
3 stages on the way to using pronouns correctly
1) use their own name rather than pronoun- caregivers use proper nouns rather than pronouns to avoid confusion
2) ‘I’ and ‘me’ used interchangeably and do not follow the subject and object pronoun rule
3) gain mastery of pronoun use and use them accurately
Key Research
LEWIS AND RAMSEY
Pronoun development during a child’s 2nd year will depend on the extent to which the child has a sense of identity
- can recognise the notion of self in the context of imaginative play
- cognitive development and emergence of a sense of self will impact on a child’s grammatical accuracy
