The transformation of the Soviet Unions international position

Question 1

When was the US Marshal Plan and ‘Truman Doctrine’?

Answer 1

1947

Question 2

When were Summit conferences at Yalta and Potsdam?

Answer 2

1945

Question 3

When was the first successful test of Soviet atomic bomb?

Answer 3

1949

Question 4

What had happened to most Eastern Eurpoean countries by 1948?

Answer 4

been absorbed into USSR or turned into satellite states

Question 5

What was salami tactics?

Answer 5

Communist parties join with Socialists and liberals to gain power, then isolated and eliminate rivals

Question 6

What did Stalin hope that the buffer zone would do?

Answer 6

protect the USSR from future invasion

Question 7

When did Eastern Germany become a soviet zone of occupation?

Answer 7

1945 - communists took political control in 1946

Question 8

What enabled pro-Soviet governments to control Hungary and Czechoslovakia in 1947 and 1948?

Answer 8

‘Salami Tactics’

Question 9

When were the Baltic states occupied by USSR?

Answer 9

1940 - Nazi-Soviet pact

Question 10

Who led Communists in Yugoslavia?

Answer 10

Josip Tito

Question 11

How many well-equipped soldiers in 1949?

Answer 11

7.5 million

Question 12

How can the UN show USSR as a superpower?

Answer 12

the USSR was one of 5 permanent members on UN security council

Question 13

When did the Allies agree to demand unconditional surrender from Germany?

Answer 13

Tehran in 1943

Question 14

What was Stalin very critical of the Western allies?

Answer 14

them not opening up a Second Front to relieve pressure on Red ArmyW

Question 15

Who met Stalin in Moscow late 1944

Answer 15

Churchill, disagreed over future of Poland

Question 16

What was the Yalta conference in Feb 1945 dominated by?

Answer 16

conflicting ideas over post-war borders

Question 17

When was the Potsdam conference?

Answer 17

July-August 1945

Question 18

What was clear at the Potsdam conference

Answer 18

that the USSR was asserting political control over liberated countries

Question 19

When was Stage 1 of East-west breakdown?

Answer 19

1946

Question 20

What was the USA and UK concerned by?

Answer 20

Soviet expansionism and USSR’s demind for ‘buffer zone’

Question 21

What was the ‘Long Telegram’?

Answer 21

A report from Moscow by American diplomat George Kennan - urging USA to contain spread of communism

Question 22

Who sent ‘The Long Telegram’?

Answer 22

George Kennan - USA diplomat

Question 23

When did Winston Churchill give his ‘Iron Curtain’ speech?

Answer 23

March 1946

Question 24

What did Churchill advise at the ‘Iron Curtain’ Speech 1946?

Answer 24

‘strength’ was needed to deal with USSR

Question 25

When was the Second stage of East-West breakdown?

Answer 25

1947-48

Question 26

What was Western Europe plagued by in 1947?

Answer 26

Economic decline - strong communist parties in France and Ital

Question 27

What did the Truman Doctrine - March 1947 - commit to?

Answer 27

a policy of containing communism,

Question 28

When was the Truman Doctrine announced?

Answer 28

March 1947

Question 29

What was the Marshall Plan June 1947?

Answer 29

provided US aid for European economic recovery,

Question 30

What was the Soviets response to the Marshall Plan 1947?

Answer 30

hostile - thought it would extend US influence

Question 31

When was the third stage of East-West relations breakdown?

Answer 31

1948-49

Question 32

What did the USSR and the West disagree over?

Answer 32

the control of Berlin

Question 33

When was the blockade of Berlin?

Answer 33

1948-9

Question 34

When was the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation formed?

Answer 34

1949 - establishment for defence of Europe, seen as hostile

Question 35

What increased Cold War tensions in 1950?

Answer 35

the Chinese Civil war, as well as Soviet atomic bomb 1949

Question 36

When did Stalin die?

Answer 36

1953

Question 37

How old was Stalin when he died?

Answer 37

73

Question 38

When did Stalin have a stroke/die?

Answer 38

28th Feb/5th March

Question 39

What suggested a new wave of repression and terror?

Answer 39

Stalin's increasingly unpredictable behaviour

Question 40

What did Stalins funeral do?

Answer 40

unite the country in mourning

Question 41

What was Stalin's legacy?

Answer 41

USSR - industrial power, nuclear superpower National prestige Spread of Stalinism Demographic damage from terror and famine Psychological damage Long term underinvestment in agricultrue Cold War tension

Question 42

How was Succession a problem after Stalin's death?

Answer 42

There was no clear successor, Khrushchev eventually emerged as leader after power struggle

Question 43

How was the legacy of terror dealt with?

Answer 43

Beria was executed - However could've been for what he knew about leadership contenders not crimes

Question 44

What did Khrushchev do after Stalin's death?

Answer 44

Denounce his 'crimes and errors' - people were released from Gulags

Question 45

How was agriculture an issue after Stalin's death?

Answer 45

could raise kolkhoze wages? would mean less money for industry and higher food prices