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Government and Politics (AP & Gov020) > The US Constitution > Flashcards

The US Constitution Flashcards

1
Q

Presidential Requirements

A

-35 years old, natural born citizen, 14 years a resident of the US

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2
Q

Article 1 Section 8 of the Constitution outlines…

A

The powers of congress

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3
Q

Congress is composed of

A

The House of Reps and Senate

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4
Q

The house of reps serve

A

For two years

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5
Q

The senate is re-elected as a whole every

A

6 years

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6
Q

House of reps requirements

A
  • 25

- Citizen for 7 years

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7
Q

Who chooses the speaker of the house

A

HOR

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8
Q

Who can impeach the president

A

The HOR

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9
Q

Who holds court for impeachment trials

A

The senate

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10
Q

Senate requirements

A
  • 30

- 9 year citizen

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11
Q

Who manages congressional elections

A

The states

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12
Q

Where does election law fall under

A

Reserved powers for states

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13
Q

Article 1 of Constitution

A

Legislative Branch

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14
Q

Article 2 Section 2

A

Powers of the President

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15
Q

Article 2

A

Executive Branch

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16
Q

Article 3

A

Judicial Branch (shortest of them all)

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17
Q

Article 3 Section 2

A

Powers of the judiciary; also outlines original jurisdiction of Supreme Court

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18
Q

Article.4

A

State’s rights and expectations

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19
Q

Article 4 Section 2

A

Privileges and Immunities Clause: citizens of one state be treated equally as citizens of other states

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20
Q

Article 5 of constitution

A

Amending the constitution

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21
Q

Article 6 Clause 2

A

Supremacy clause

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22
Q

Article 6 of the constitution outlines

A

Debts, Supremacy, Religious tests, and oath

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23
Q

Article 7

A

Ratifying constitution

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24
Q

How many states were needed to ratify the constitution

A

9

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25
Q

Two methods of proposing an amendment

A

2/3 congress

2/3 state approval @ convention

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26
Q

Two methods of ratifying a constitution

A

3/4 of congress

3/4 of states approval @ convention

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27
Q

1 amendment

A

Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition against the government without consequence

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28
Q

2nd amendment

A

Right to bear arms

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29
Q

3rd amendment

A

No forced quartering of soldiers

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30
Q

4th amendment

A

Protests against unreasonable search and seizure

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31
Q

5th amendment

A

Double jeopardy, self-incrimination, no deprivation of natural rights without due process, eminent domain

32
Q

Eminent domain

A

Power of government to take private property for public use

33
Q

6th amendment

A

Right to speedy and public trial by an impartial jury

34
Q

7th amendment

A

Right to trial by jury

35
Q

8th amendment

A

No excessive bail or cruel/harsh punishment

36
Q

9th amendment

A

Protects unenumerated rights/// all rights not listed under the constitution are thus delegated to the people

37
Q

10th amendment

A

Powers reserved to states are those not delegated to the federal government, and those that are not prohibited by the constitution

38
Q

11th amendment

A

One state cannot be sued by another state

39
Q

12th amendment

A

Election of Vice President and president

40
Q

13th amendment

A

Abolished slavery, except as punishment for a crime (1865)

41
Q

14th amendment

A

Declares that all persons born in the US are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws

42
Q

15th amendment

A

Citizens cannot be denied rights to vote on the basis of race, color, or previous condition of servitude

43
Q

14th amendment repeals

A

3/5 compromise

44
Q

16th amendment

A

Allows the federal government to collect income tax

45
Q

17th amendment

A

Direct election of senators by the people (1913)

46
Q

18th amendment

A

Prohibition of alcohol

47
Q

21 amendment repeals

A

18th amendment

48
Q

19th amendment

A

Woman’s suffrage // woman’s right to vote 1920

49
Q

20th amendment

A

Congress begins on Jan 20, presidency starts Jan 20th// shortens gap for Lame Duck gap

50
Q

22nd amendment

A

Limit presidency for 2 terms

51
Q

23rd amendment

A

Gives Washington DC electoral college votes as if it were a state

52
Q

24th amendment

A

No poll tax

53
Q

25th amendment

A

Presidential Succession

54
Q

26th amendment

A

Lowered voting age from 21 to 18

55
Q

27th amendment

A

Congressional pay raises are not begun until the next election

56
Q

What is outlined in the preamble

A

In order to form a more perfect Union

  • establish Justice,
  • insure domestic Tranquility,
  • provide for the common defence,
  • promote the general Welfare,
  • secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity,
57
Q

What are the requirements to be convicted of treason

A
  • plan to overthrow the government
  • side with or assist an enemy of the United States
  • have two witnesses
58
Q

In what year was the bill of rights ratified

A

1791

59
Q

In what article is treason outlined in the constitution

A

Article 3 Section 3

60
Q

Powers of Congress

A
  • must agree to all treaties and actions with foreign relations
61
Q

Congress must meet…

A

Once every year

62
Q

Proposed amendments have to ratified within

A

7 years

63
Q

Supremacy Clause

A

The Supremacy clause states that the Constitution, federal law, and treaties are all supreme laws of the land. This means that..

  • state law conflicting national law is unconstitutional and federal law takes precedence
  • essential to Constitutional republic
  • AOC wasn’t this way
64
Q

Privileges and Immunities Clause

A

The Privileges and Immunities Clause declares that states can not pass any laws which abridge the fundamental rights of Citizens.

  • Are required to ensure citizens rights listed under the Bill of Rights
  • 14th Amendment, Reconstruction Amendment, originally for freed slaves
65
Q

Necessary and Proper Clause

A

The necessary and proper clause grants congress implied powers; powers not listed under the constitution but are ‘necessary and proper’ to carry out enumerated powers

  • Congress can pass laws that give them implied powers
  • expands national gov’s policymaking ability (elastic clause)
  • United State’s first national bank
66
Q

Full Faith and Credit

A

Full Faith and Credit declares that states must follow the laws and court proceedings of other states.

  • Citizens cannot commit violations in other states and seek refuge in their own
  • Ensures state respect for authority and unity
  • Although found under the AOC, states didn’t follow and acted independently of each other
67
Q

bills of attainer

A

Bills that convicted someone without crime

68
Q

Enumerated Powers of the PResident

A
  • Nominates key executive officers
  • Commander in Chief of military; raise army
  • Negotiates treaties with foreign nations
  • May veto bills from congress (CB)
  • Nominate justices (CB)
69
Q

Judicial Expressed powers

A
  • interprets constitution
  • original jurisdiction over state disputes and disputes between ambassadors or high-ranking ministers
  • appellate jurisdiction “Court of LAst Resort”
  • Judicial Review (CB)
70
Q

ex post facto laws

A

laws that convict someone of a crime that wasn’t a crime when the person committed it

71
Q

Legislative Branch Enumerated Powers

A
  • make laws
  • declare war and ratify treaties
  • Power of the purse
  • approve presidential nominations; justice and officers
  • Override presidential veto (CB
  • Impeach justices and president (CB)
72
Q

Fugitive Slave Clause

A
  • slaves, even if they fled to a free state, must return to their masters no matter what state law sats
  • Effective until after 1808
73
Q

Compromise on Importation

A

-Congress can not pass laws that prohibit the importation of slaves before the year of 1808

74
Q

Equal Protection Clause

A

The equal protection clause declares that all persons deserve equal protection of the laws regardless of who they are. Laws that apply to some, apply to all.

  • 14th amendment
  • reconstruction
  • made for slaves
75
Q

Establishment Clause

A

the establishment clause states that congress cannot pass a law that is respective or restrictive or religion.

  • this means that there is a separation of church and state
  • found under 1st amendment
  • all citizens have the freedom to pursue religion and freedom from having religion forced on them
76
Q

Commerce Clause

A
  • Congress can regulate national commerce.
  • interstate
  • foreign
  • Indian tribes
  • under AOC, this was just states

Government and Politics (AP & Gov020) (14 decks)

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