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Geography: Case Studies > Theme 1 > Flashcards

Theme 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the population density of Russia?

A

9 people per km^2

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2
Q

What is the average Russian family income?

A

$1250

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3
Q

What is the Russian literacy rate?

A

99.7%

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4
Q

What percentage of Russia use contraception?

A

80% of women aged 15-49.

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5
Q

What is the life expectancy in Russia?

A

63 for men, 75 for women: therefore there are 10.7 million more women.

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6
Q

What fraction of the population are potential emigrants?

A

1/5

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7
Q

What are the lowest temperatures reached in Russia?

A

-68°C

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8
Q

What is the fertility rate of Russia?

A

1.8

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9
Q

What is a population comparison of Russia

A

Within 35 years the population will decrease by roughly 20 million.

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10
Q

Low population density non statistical facts:

A
  • it went from communist to capitalist.

- high rates of inequality, unemployment, and poverty.

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11
Q

How many Russian villages were abandoned?

A

8500 since 2002 (rural areas)

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12
Q

How much did the Russian workforce decrease?

A

800,000 within one year.

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13
Q

Other impacts of low population:

A

-younger people emigrate
-less attractive to businesses
-loss of facilities.
-unemployment.
(-higher emissions)

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14
Q

What is the population of Japan?

A

128 million, 1/5 of which are over 65.

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15
Q

What is the life expectancy in Japan?

A

84.

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16
Q

What is the retirement age in Japan?

A

It was raised from 60 to 65 due to the decreasing workforce (50% decrease in 50 years).

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17
Q

What is the dependency ratio of Japan?

A

69%.

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18
Q

Non statistical problems of increasing percentage of old dependents:

A
  • pensions.
  • lack of healthcare.
  • need to increase tax.
  • increased need of retirement homes.
  • need for foreign workers.
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19
Q

What is the fertility rate in Japan?

A

1.25.

20
Q

What percentage of women don’t marry in Japan?

A

30%.

21
Q

How much child benefit is paid by the Japanese Government?

A

£60.

22
Q

What is the infant mortality rate of Japan?

A

1.96.

23
Q

Other causes for a high dependant population?

A
  • increased education.
  • lack of childcare facilities.
  • pregnancy can be expensive.
24
Q

What is the population of Bangladesh?

A

153 million.

25
Q

What is the population density of Bangladesh?

A

1062/km^2.

26
Q

What is the natural increase of Bangladesh?

A

1.6%. The population doubled in under 50 years.

27
Q

What are unemployment rates in Bangladesh?

A

40% of Bangladesh is underemployed. (High poverty, more children, lower literacy rate)

28
Q

Reasons for rural to urban migration in Bangladesh?

A

4/5 of the country lives in rural areas.

80% live on the floodplains of Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna.

29
Q

What is the population density of Dhaka?

A

43000/km^2 (20 x the global average)

30
Q

People per Doctor in Dhaka?

A

1 per 25000

31
Q

How many admission seats are there in Dhaka?

A

20 per 20000 people

32
Q

Infant mortality rate of Bangladesh?

A

43/1000

33
Q

Birth rate of Bangladesh?

A

12.5/1000

34
Q

Illiteracy rate of Bangladesh?

A

74%.

35
Q

China fertility rate comparison?

A

5.7 in 1970 to 1.57 in 2015.

36
Q

What was China’s population policy?

A

Restricting family sizes from 3 children to 1 child.

37
Q

What happened to the legal marriage age?

A

It was increased to 22 for men and 20 for women; applications to the government had to be made before a marriage.

38
Q

Why did people follow the population policy?

A
  • forced abortions and sterilisations.
  • incentives: free education, healthcare, housing, and jobs.
  • 5-10% salary increase.
39
Q

What’s the gender imbalance in China?

A

114:100

40
Q

Population growth reduction in China?

A

10%

41
Q

Chinese Population age?

A

17% are over 60

42
Q

Dependency ratio of China?

A

46%

43
Q

How many legal and illegal Mexican immigrants are there?

A

From 1965, over 16 million legal migrants into the USA.
7 million illegal ones.
6000 people died trying to do so.
1 million per year.

44
Q

Mexican push factors compared to American pull factors:

A
  • high crime rates: 47.5 thousand deaths in 5 years.
  • poor medical facilities: 1800 people per doctor - 400 people per doctor
  • low paid jobs: GNP of $4000 - $25000
  • poor literacy rate: 55% - 99%
  • school leaving age: 14 - 16.
  • corruption in the government.
  • unemployment: 40%
  • poverty: 44.2%
45
Q

Impacts on Mexico:

A
  • fewer economically active people.
  • increased dependant population.
  • $6 billion per year sent to Mexico.
  • pressures on services are reduced.
  • gender inequality.
46
Q

Impacts on the USA?

A
  • money spent on border patrol and prison.
  • improved cultural awareness - Spanish is now taught
  • drug related crime increase.

Geography: Case Studies (3 decks)

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