Theme 1: Religious Figures Sacred Texts (P1) Flashcards

Question

Kshatriyas definition

Answer 1

Second of varnas - Warriors and rulers

Answer 2

Third of four varnas; farmers merchants

Answer 3

Fourth of varnas -translated as serf not twice born hot weavers of sacred thread

Answer 4

Worships Hinduism, much of worship takes place at home

Answer 5

Oppressed, name given to those without Varna, previously known as untouchables

Answer 6

One of major theistic traditions of Hinduism, worshipping Shiva

Answer 7

Hero of epic Ramayana, the husband and rescuer of Sita-adherence of Dharma he is also the seventh avatar Vishnu

Answer 8

Group name referring to 5 legendary brothers

Answer 9

Part of the trumative ‘the creator’ ultimate reality

Answer 10

Goddess of Farrow, wife of Rama, Ramayana her role is a wifely virtue

Answer 11

Documents that contain the central teaching of Hinduism

Answer 12

* Hindu is derived from the Persian word usually referred to those who live beyond the Sindhu or Indus river in north Northwest India * adopted by British colonial administration in India describing the various religious beliefs * Hinduism has no founder and claims to have no beginning and therefore timeless * “overtime apparent misunderstandings have risen over the origins of Hinduism” and has the difficulties in origin due to the Indus Valley area and race

Answer 13

* it was a bronze age culture taken from 2500 to 1500 BCE and shows very highly advanced urban culture with society and a wealthy middle-class and centralised government * mix of people in the Indus Valley civilisation due to where the first sights were evacuated along the river. It was also called the Harapan culture after the town of Harappa which was also the first evacuated * Townsend cities were planned on a grid system to protect from floods as well as allow a water source and efficient sewage disposal * detailed system of writings and descriptions that are yet to be translated therefore lots of conjecture as they are yet to be translated * use small square seals with images on them to picture the aspects of life within the culture including religious practices normally portraying people or buffalo cattle etc or the divine Hindu gods such as Shiva or Proto Shiva the mother goddess * believed in life after death and “the civilisation and culture of the inhabitant of the Indus valley… Were a very advanced nature”

Answer 14

* originally came from central Asia and was forcefully invading * settled in Punjab before spreading Southwood and dominating North India * aryan means no one so to differentiate from inhabitant * consider themselves superior * scholar suggest original purpose of our system was to keep two groups apart and stop them from being polluted

Answer 15

* they brought about the bronze age-were illiterate and the scriptures of Vedas were passed orally in Sanskrit * seminomadic and social structure partial and tribal * domesticated horses-great significance is no mention of hold horses in Valley records therefore a mountain invasion * cow was a symbol of prestige and farming cattle being main occupation-craft such as carpentry or metal work * worshipped war like gods-Indra called the smashes of the cities helping invasion theory

Answer 16

* aryan religion was a sacrifice based on and sent it around purifying qualities of Fire and influencing the divas through sacrifice * Vedic religion refers to belief and Practice found in the Vedas (holy book) * yajna - religious sacrifice with fire putting offerings in the fire * devas of early Vedic religion was Varuna - creator of the world, Indra - the Thunder God and Rudra - controller of the powers of nature * records of human sacrifice that were performed although the most famous right described as a horse sacrifice * gifts offered had been limited to grains, fruit and milk * very important aspect of sacrifice was preparing drinking soma a substance which allowed the participants to see the devas and bring them into contract with the highest state of being the deities

Answer 17

* purusha sukta in the rig Veda describes the creation of the universe by the devas by sacrificing the giant purusha or cosmic man * Varna system is not human system but one created by the gods * Brahmins came from the mouth; Kshatriyas came from the arms; Vaishyas from the thighs and Sudras from the feet

Answer 18

* suggesting religious with one system of belief and ideas it doesn’t fit the diversity * adopted British colonial administration in India to describe the variation in religious beliefs and practices of majority of the population

Answer 19

the main problem is the script means undeciphered which means there is a lot of conjecture based on the archaeological evidence. There is also a lot of interpretations based on presupposition i.e. the evidence is made to fit the theory rather than the theory being based on the evidence

Answer 20

* great bath at Mohenjo - daro suggested by some archaeologist to have the centre of the fertility religion that Practiced hierogamy or secret prostitutes ~ no evidence of this practice occurring * Hindu begin the day with a ritual washing. This links are also made between inspire civilisation and the Vedic and contemporary Hinduism. ~ none are certain * the house is contained 25 places for sacrificial purposes and purification and ceramic female figurines with goddess and Murtis

Answer 21

* archaeological evidence does support this view that the Indus Valley civilisations were not destroyed their abandoned due to the lack of water and there is no evidence of war * others argue that the Vedic period was a continuity of the Indus Valley civilisation and the areas were not nomadic but town dwellers therefore showing no racial diversity * not only is Indian civilisation pre-Vedic but the essential feature of Hindu religion as we know it today but perhaps present in the great bath * lack of indisputable evidence * “ India confront Egypt and Babylonia by the third millennium with thoroughly individual and independent civilisation of her own”

Answer 22

Vishnu the preserver, Brahma the creator and Shiva the destructor

Answer 23

Rama and Krishna

Answer 24

The belief that there is one single universal God

Answer 25

Lots of different deities with different names, but they are one single God e.g. Brahman

Answer 26

There is one God but has different aspects and that can be called by different names

Answer 27

Only true day is the one you worship and all the others are false or incorrect

Answer 28

Believe that everything in the world is made up of one essence that being at man and the Antman is one with Brahman and all the deities are simply aspects of this one soul, Brahman is impersonal without any qualities or form although was shown in the form of various data to enable Hindus to understand God better

Answer 29

Belief in a personal God who is universal, omnipotent, imminent and transcendent

Answer 30

One God at a time ism it is worshipping of a single God while accepting the other gods also exist the scholar Max Miller described it as “monotheistic in principle and polytheistic in Practice”

Answer 31

Belief in many gods

Answer 32

The belief that the gods are separate and distinct beings

Answer 33

Inclusive monotheists regard there many gods as representing different aspects for single supreme God

Answer 34

"One who is virtuous and wise, just and merciful, is a true human."

Theme 1: Religious Figures Sacred Texts (P1) Flashcards

(58 cards)