Thème 4💚

Question 1

What is a réseau alimentaire?

Answer 1

The transfer of energy through different organisms in an ecosystem

It illustrates the interconnected feeding relationships between various species.

Question 2

What happens to energy as it moves up the food chain?

Answer 2

Energy is transferred but some is lost at each level

This loss of energy explains why there are fewer organisms at higher trophic levels.

Question 3

What is the difference between abiotic and biotic factors?

Answer 3

Abiotic = non-living (e.g., rocks, water); Biotic = living (e.g., plants, animals)

These factors interact within an ecosystem to affect living organisms.

Question 4

Define the term ‘niche’ in ecology.

Answer 4

The role of an organism, its position, and its interactions in its habitat

A niche encompasses how an organism fits into its environment.

Question 5

What is a consumer in an ecological context?

Answer 5

An organism that eats food to gain energy

Consumers can be classified into different types based on their dietary habits.

Question 6

What are herbivores?

Answer 6

Consumers that eat producers (plants)

They are primary consumers in the food chain.

Question 7

What are omnivores?

Answer 7

Consumers that eat both producers (plants) and consumers (animals)

Omnivores play a versatile role in food webs.

Question 8

What are carnivores?

Answer 8

Consumers that eat only other consumers (animals)

They are typically secondary or tertiary consumers.

Question 9

Who are necrophages?

Answer 9

Organisms that decompose large pieces of organic matter (1st stage of decomposition)

Examples include vultures and hyenas.

Question 10

What are decomposers?

Answer 10

Organisms that decompose small pieces of organic matter (2nd stage)

Examples include earthworms, fungi, and small insects.

Question 11

What is the role of producers in an ecosystem?

Answer 11

They use energy from the sun to create their own food through photosynthesis

Producers form the base of the food chain.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The first stage of decomposition is carried out by _______.

Answer 12

necrophages

They break down large organic materials.

Question 13

Fill in the blank: The role of an organism in its habitat is known as its _______.

Answer 13

niche

This includes its interactions and position within the ecosystem.