Theme 5

Question 1

what are the three stages of economic reform and when were they introduced

Answer 1

Acceleration: 1986- keeping the system the same but investing more in it
Perestroika:1987- reforming the system
Market reforms: 1990- abandoning the system

Question 2

when was the 12th 5 year plan

Answer 2

1986-90

Question 3

when were foreign firms allowed to set up business in the USSR

Answer 3

January 1987

Question 4

when were cooperatives legalised that allowed businesses to be established

Answer 4

1988

Question 5

when was the call for market economy introduced and what did it do

Answer 5

July 1989
spilt the Politburo

Question 6

when was the 500 Day Programme published and what happened to this

Answer 6

Aug 1990, initially G supportive and so was Yeltsin but under pressure from conservatives G retracted support

Question 7

how much did output decline by between 1990 and 1991

Answer 7

1/5

Question 8

when did the government become bankrupt

Answer 8

summer 1991

Question 9

what was perestroika nicknamed

Answer 9

catastroika

Question 10

When was Glasnost and give some key dates to show its impact

Answer 10

1986
1988- Soviet press publish criticism of Marx and Lenin
1988- citizens allowed to listen to foreign radio and read foreign newspapers
1988: CP reveal true state of declining economy

Question 11

why was the Nineteenth Party Congress sos significant and when was it

Answer 11

1988
authorised multi-candidate elections to the Soviets and created the Congress of People’s Deputies

Question 12

when did the first multi-candidate election tale place for the Congress of Peoples Deputies and what did it lead to

Answer 12

March 1989
formation of the faction IRDG (Inter-regional deputies Group) led by Yeltsin

Question 13

when were the first republic elections and what was the result

Answer 13

1990
‘Popular Front’ nationalist parties did well, with opposition parties gaining more votes than the Communist Partying Estonia, Georgia, Latvia and Lithuania

Question 14

when did G create the role of the President of the USSR

Answer 14

14th March 1990

Question 15

When was Article 6 abolished and what did it allow

Answer 15

14th March 1990
allowed the political parties to form and contest elections

Question 16

when was Chernobyl and what areas did it irritate

Answer 16

April 1986
Russia, Belarus and Ukraine

Question 17

Popular fronts were formed in what republics between apr and oct 1988

Answer 17

Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania

Question 18

When did Estonia claim sovereignty

Answer 18

Nov 1988

Question 19

when was the massacre of a Muslim minority group in Uzbekistan

Answer 19

1989

Question 20

when was the Tsbili massacre in Georgia

Answer 20

1989

Question 21

when was the Sinatra Doctrine announced

Answer 21

Aug 1989

Question 22

when was the Baltic Way protest in the Baltic states

Answer 22

Aug 1989

Question 23

when as the Berlin Wall brought down

Answer 23

Nov 1989

Question 24

When did Lithuania declare independence form the USSR

Answer 24

March 1990

Question 25

When did Yeltsin declare Russian laws superior to USSR laws

Answer 25

MAy 1990

Question 26

When did Gorbachev send troops into Lithuania and how many were killed

Answer 26

Jan 1991- 14 killed

Question 27

when was the draft New Union Treaty published

Answer 27

July 1991

Question 28

when was the coup and what were the consequences

Answer 28

Aug 1991- coup by communist party hardliners in an attempt to scrap the New Union Treaty in favour of retaining centralised control in Moscow

Question 29

when did the Ukraine independence referendum result in 92% in favour of independence

Answer 29

1st Dec 1991

Question 30

when did the Commonwealth of Independent States replace USSR and who did it include

Answer 30

8th Dec 1991 Russia, Ukraine, Belarus

Question 31

When did G become General Secretary

Answer 31

1985

Question 32

when was the 28th Party Congress where G denounced the use of violence and what was his famous quote

Answer 32

July 1990 ' a civil society of free people is replacing the stalinist model of socialism' move to 'genuine democracy'

Question 33

When did Yeltsin become Moscow Party leader

Answer 33

1985

Question 34

when did Yeltsin denounce the privilege of party leaders at the 27t Party Congress

Answer 34

1986

Question 35

When was Yeltsin sacked as Moscow Party leader

Answer 35

1987

Question 36

What percentage of votes did Yeltsin win in the election of 1989

Answer 36

89%

Question 37

when did Yeltsin form the IDRG

Answer 37

1989

Question 38

opiniom polls of Russian voters of July 1990 showed what

Answer 38

Gorbachev was less popular than Yeltsin

Question 39

when did Y begin from CPSU

Answer 39

July 1990

Question 40

when was Y elected a president of Russia

Answer 40

June 1991

Question 41

What was the role of Yeltsin in the coup

Answer 41

seen as an heroic figure and managed to defeat it to savour G's power

Question 42

When did Y ban the CP in Russia

Answer 42

Nov 1991

Question 43

what did Yeltsin do in Dec 1991 that confirmed the collapse of the USSR

Answer 43

signed the CIS with Ukraine and Belarus which torpedoed the New Union Treaty