then and now

Question 1

how did pasteur develop germ theory of disease?

Answer 1

• wanted to understand fermentation
  mix yeats w/ sugar-H20
  => wines have organism
  when gently heat, pasteur bacteria

Question 2

how will a fetus first get contacted with microbes?

Answer 2

free of most microbes until initially birth cannals
gets infected with microbes from caregiver, family and death

Question 3

traits of living organism?

Question 4

prokaryotes vs eukaryotes

Answer 4

1st has no membrane bound organelles with cell wall. vice versa.
1st is responsible for disease / food spoilage / production l. eukaryotes are mostly harmless.
1st get food from environment or make their own. eukaryotes absorb nutrient ir microorg

Question 5

what does fungi secrete?

Answer 5

secrete digestive enzyme that breaks down nutr; absorb it across cell wall

Question 6

what is special abt virus?

Answer 6

not an org
need to infect an org to replicate

Question 7

problems of microbiology now and causes?

Answer 7

(1) drug resistant pathogen: pathogen mutate or acquire genes from bacteria
(2) re emeging disease

Question 8

what comprise a bacteria cell? (the diagram, %)

Answer 8

70% water , organic compound and ions

Question 9

list from biggest to smallest in concentration: phospholipid, protein, carb, nucleic acid

Answer 9

protein > nucleic acid > phospholipid > carb

Question 10

match each polysacc to its corresponding cell wall: chitin, cellulose, and peptidoglycan

Answer 10

chitin- fungi
peptidoglycan- bacterial
cellulose- algae

Question 11

what makes up a nucleotide?

Answer 11

PO4 group, 5C sugar, nucleobase

Question 12

what makes up double helix DNA?

Answer 12

2 polynucleotide strands , sugar PO4 backbone and complementary base pair

Question 13

match to make complementary base pair in nucleobase

Answer 13

G-C
A-T

Question 14

TEM ve SEM?

Answer 14

(1) specimen finely sectioned, stained with heavy metal and placed kn CU grid
(2) specimen xovered in gold

Question 15

simple staining vs negative staining?

Answer 15

(1) cationic dye binds to (-) cell
(2) anionic dye repels (-) cell

Question 16

magnification vs resolution ?

Answer 16

(1) increases specimen’s size vis objective snf circular lense
(2) see closely spaced subject far apart.

Question 17

gram + cell vs
gran ~ celld

Answer 17

+ : thick multilayered cell wall
- : thin porous

Question 18

what is systema naturae?

Answer 18

invented by carolus linnnaeus
2-word scheme of nomenclature to identify org
genius name + epithet + subspecies epithet

Question 19

when type…
when written…for systema naturaea

Answer 19

italicizes
underlined

Question 20

3 domains of tree of life

Answer 20

eurya / bacteria/ archae