Theoretical Frameworks

Question 1

The hazard risk equation (Can reference this in answers)

Answer 1

Risk = Hazard x Vulnerability / Capacity to Cope

Suggests risk increases when Magnitude and Vulnerability increase

But risk decreases when Capacity to Cope increases

Question 2

PAR Model

Answer 2

Vulnerability X Hazard = Risk

Vulnerability:
Root Causes
Dynamic Pressures
Unsafe Conditions

Hazard:
Earthquake, Tsunami, Volcano

Evaluation:
Effective as able to identify root causes of vulnerability, not just what observe on surface of society e.g. poor services, infrastructure and housing etc..
However, may be difficult to implement and change these root causes as they’re the foundation for a society, so may still only be able to focus on surface causes that change vulnerability e.g. poor housing

Question 3

PARK Model (Hazard Response Curve)

Answer 3

Compares the response of different countries to hazards and their return to normality

Depth = Scale of disaster

Gradient = Did they recover rapidly?