THEORIES | KINDS | STAGES OF SLEEP

Question 1

1. The Adaptive Theory of Sleep
2. The Restorative Theory of Sleep

Answer 1

Theories of Sleep

Question 2

Sleep is a product of evolution

Answer 2

The Adaptive Theory of Sleep

Question 3

It proposes that animals and humans evolved different sleep patterns to avoid being present during their predators’ normal hunting times, typically at night.

Answer 3

The Adaptive Theory of Sleep

Question 4

sleep is necessary to the physical health of the body, chemicals that were used up during the day’s activities are replenished and cellular damage is repaired

Answer 4

The Restorative Theory of Sleep

Question 5

1. REM (rapid eye movement) sleep
2. non-REM (NREM) sleep.

Answer 5

2 KINDS OF SLEEP

Question 6

a relatively psychologically active type of sleep when most of a person’s dreaming takes place

Answer 6

REM SLEEP

Question 7

spans from lighter stages to a much deeper, more restful kind of sleep.

Answer 7

NREM SLEEP

Question 8

the voluntary muscles are inhibited, move very little

Answer 8

REM SLEEP

Question 9

the person’s body is free to move around (including kicking one’s bed partner)

Answer 9

NREM SLEEP

Question 10

machine, allows scientists to record the brain-wave activity as a person passes through the various stages of sleep and to determine what type of sleep the person has entered

Answer 10

electroencephalograph/EEG

Question 11

1. beta waves
2. alpha waves
3. thetha waves

Answer 11

3 brain wave patterns

Question 12

A wide-awake, alert and mentally active person will show a brain wave pattern of ?

Answer 12

beta waves

Question 13

very small and very fast brain wave pattern

Answer 13

beta waves

Question 14

The person is awake, relaxes and gets drowsy, slightly larger and slower waves will show a brain wave pattern of ?

Answer 14

alpha waves

Question 15

slower and larger waves than alpha waves

Answer 15

theta waves

Question 16

N1 (R&K Stage 1): Light Sleep

N2 (R&K Stage 2): Sleep Spindles

N3 (R&K Stages 3 and 4): Delta Waves Roll In

R (R&K REM)

Answer 16

4 stages of NREM
(sleep stages)

Question 17

has an activity that resembles alert wakefulness but has relatively no muscle activity except rapid eye movement

Answer 17

REM

Question 18

stage of sleep characterized by the presence of delta activity

Answer 18

STAGE N3

N3 (R&K Stages 3 and 4): Delta Waves Roll In

Question 19

theta wave activity increases and alpha wave activity fades away, people are said to be entering what stage?

Answer 19

N1 (R&K Stage 1): Light Sleep

Question 20

People may experience vivid visual events called hypnogogic images or hallucinations during this stage of sleep

Answer 20

N1 (R&K Stage 1): Light Sleep

Question 21

The Greek word hypnos means

Answer 21

SLEEP

Question 22

occurrence is called the hypnic jerk what stage of sleep?

Answer 22

N1 (R&K Stage 1): Light Sleep

Question 23

The relaxation of the muscles as one drifts into sleep causes a “falling” sensation, at which point the body jerks awake to prevent the “fall” from the hypothetical tree

Answer 23

hypnic jerk

Question 24

During this stage, the body temperature continues to drop. Heart rate slows, breathing becomes more shallow and irregular, and the EEG will show the first signs of sleep spindles

Answer 24

N2 (R&K Stage 2): Sleep Spindles

Question 25

brief bursts of activity lasting only a second or two

Answer 25

sleep spindles

Question 26

Theta waves still predominate in this stage, but if people are awakened during this stage, they will be aware of having been asleep.

Answer 26

N2 (R&K Stage 2): Sleep Spindles

Question 27

If people are awakened at this point, they will probably not believe that they were asleep.

Answer 27

N1 (R&K Stage 1): Light Sleep

Question 28

stages of sleep where delta waves appear

Answer 28

N3 (R&K Stages 3 and 4): Delta Waves Roll In

Question 29

the slowest and largest waves make their appearance in N3, what do you call these waves?

Answer 29

delta waves

Question 30

the person is in the deepest stage of sleep, often referred to as slow-wave sleep (SWS) or simply, deep sleep

Answer 30

N3 (R&K Stages 3 and 4): Delta Waves Roll In

Question 31

It is during this stage that growth hormones (GH) are released from the pituitary gland and reach their peak. The body is at its lowest level of functioning.

Answer 31

N3 (R&K Stages 3 and 4): Delta Waves Roll In

Question 32

the time when body growth occurs

Answer 32

Deep sleep

Question 33

The person is still asleep but in the stage known as ____ and sometimes referred to as paradoxical sleep.

Answer 33

rapid eye movement sleep (REM)

Question 34

After spending some time in N3, the sleeping person will go back up through N2 and then into a stage in which body temperature increases to near-waking levels

Answer 34

R (R&K REM)

Question 35

the eyes move rapidly under the eyelids, the heart beats much faster, and the brain waves resemble beta waves—the kind of brain activity that usually signals wakefulness.

Answer 35

R (R&K REM)

Question 36

person in _____ is awakened, he or she almost always reports being in a dream state

Answer 36

REM SLEEP

Question 37

associated with dreaming, and 90 percent of dreams take place in this

Answer 37

REM SLEEP

Question 38

Dreams that tend to be more vivid, more detailed, longer, and more bizarre than the dreams of NREM sleep.

Answer 38

REM Dreams

Question 39

tend to be more like thoughts about daily occurrences and far shorter than REM dreams

Answer 39

NREM Dreams

Question 40

the body is unable to act upon these dreams under normal conditions because the voluntary muscles are paralyzed during REM sleep

Answer 40

sleep paralysis

Question 41

considered a restful kind of sleep

Answer 41

REM SLEEP (stage)

Question 42

After a very physically demanding day, people tend to spend more time in what sleep?

Answer 42

NREM SLEEP

Question 43

emotionally stressful day leads to increased time in what sleep?

Answer 43

REM SLEEP

Question 44

if deprived of REM sleep, a person will experience greatly increased amounts of REM sleep the next night, a phenomenon called?

Answer 44

REM rebound

Question 45

people deprived of REM sleep would become paranoid, seemingly mentally ill from lack of this one stage of sleep

Answer 45

REM myth