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PMNL 111 > THEORIES OF LEADERSHIP > Flashcards

THEORIES OF LEADERSHIP Flashcards

1
Q

It seeks to explain how and why certain people become leaders

A

Leadership theories

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2
Q

Such theories often focus on the characteristics of leaders

A

Leadership theories

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3
Q

This may attempt to identify the behaviors that people can adopt to improve their own leadership abilities in different situations

A

Leadership theories

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4
Q

In other words the theories propose that certain people were simply

A

Born leaders

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5
Q

True or false

Some more recent theories propose that processing certain traits may not help make people nature leaders, but that experience and situational variables also play a critical role

A

False it will may help

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6
Q

Enumerate the leadership theories

A

Great man theories
Trait theories
Contingency theories / situational theories
Behavioral theories
Participative theories
Management theories
Relationship theories

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7
Q

Enumerate the leadership styles

A

Authoritarian leadership or autocratic
Participative leadership or democratic
The negative leadership or Laissez-faire

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8
Q

According to this point of view great leaders are simply born with the necessary internal characteristics

A

Great man theories

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9
Q

Greatman series states that leaders are simply born with the necessary internal characteristics such as

A

Charisma, confidence, intelligence, and social skills

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10
Q

Great man theories states that internal characteristics such as charisma, confidence, intelligence, and social skills make leaders_____

A

Natural born leaders

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11
Q

Who and when did the great man theory is created

A

1840 by Thomas carlyle

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12
Q

Intrinsic leadership traits defining a distinct leader includes

A

Intelligence
Sociability
Confidence
Charisma

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13
Q

This theory assume that the capacity for leadership is inherent, that great leaders are born not made

A

Great man theories

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14
Q

These theories often portray great leaders as heroic, mythic and distinct rise to leadership when needed

A

Great man theories

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15
Q

This term was used because at the time leadership was thought of primarily as a meal quality especially in terms of military leadership

A

Great man

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16
Q

The term great man was used specially in terms of

A

Military leadership

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17
Q

Such theories suggest that people cannot really learn how to become strong leaders, it’s either something you are born with or born without

A

Great man theories

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18
Q

This is similar in some ways to great man theories, This assume that people inherit certain qualities and treats that make them better suited to leadership

A

Trait theories

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19
Q

Who and when did the treat theory was formulated

A

Gordon Allport 1936

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20
Q

Trait theory was categorize to three levels namely

A

Cardinal traits
Central traits
Secondary tree

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21
Q

These focuses on particular variables related to the environment that might determine which particular style of leadership is best suited for the situation

A

Contingency theories of leadership

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22
Q

Four leadership styles

A

Directing
Coaching
Supporting
Delegating

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23
Q

Highly directive behavior, with little supportive emphasis

A

Directing s1

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24
Q

Highly directive behavior with high levels of support

A

Coaching S2

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25
Q

Highly supportive behavior with low levels of support

A

Supporting S3

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26
Q

Low supportive behavior and low directive emphasis too

A

S4 delegating

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27
Q

According to this theory no leadership style is best in all situations

A

Contingency theories or situational theories

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28
Q

Effective leadership is not just about the qualities of the leader it is about striking the ______leadership style, quality of the followers and aspects of the situation

A

Right balance

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29
Q

These are based upon the belief that great leaders are made not born

A

Behavioral theories

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30
Q

Consider it as the flip side of the great man theories

A

Behavioral theories

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31
Q

These leadership theory for possess on the actions of leaders not on mental qualities or internal states

A

Behavioral theories

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32
Q

According to this theory people can learn to become leaders

A

Behavioral theories

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33
Q

Behavioral theories states that people can learn to become leaders through

A

Teaching and observation

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34
Q

This theory suggest that ideal leadership style is one that takes the input of others into account

A

Participative theories

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35
Q

In this theory leaders and cottage participation and contributions from group members and help group members feel more relevant and committed to the decision making process

A

Participative theories

36
Q

However in this theory the leader retains the right to allow the input of others

A

Participative theories

37
Q

Management theories are also known as

A

Transactional theories

38
Q

These focuses on the role of supervision organization and group performance

A

Management theories or transactional theories

39
Q

These theories based leadership on a system of rewards and punishment

A

Management theories

40
Q

Relationship theories are also known as

A

Transformational theories

41
Q

These focuses upon the connections formed between leaders and followers

A

Relationship or transformational theories

42
Q

These motivates and inspire people by helping group members see the importance in higher good of the task

A

Transformational leaders

43
Q

These leaders are focused on the performance of group members but also want each person to fulfill his or her potential

A

Transformational leaders

44
Q

It refers to a leader’s characteristic behaviors when directing, motivating, guiding, and managing groups of people

A

Leadership style

45
Q

They can also motivate others to perform create an innovate

A

Leadership styles

46
Q

In____a group of researchers led by psychologist_____set out to identify different styles of leadership

A

1939
Kurt lewin

47
Q

Also known as autocratic leaders these provide clear expectations for what needs to be done when it should be done and how it should be done

A

Authoritarian leadership or autocratic

48
Q

This style of leadership is strongly focused on both command by the leader and control of the followers

A

Authoritarian leadership

49
Q

There is also a clear division between the leader and the members

A

Authoritarian leadership

50
Q

These leaders make decisions independently with little or no input from the rest of the group

A

Authoritarian leaders

51
Q

Researchers found that decision making was less creative under What type of leadership

A

Authoritarian leadership

52
Q

Authoritarian leadership if abuse may usually be viewed as

A

Controlling, bossy, and dictatorial

53
Q

It is best applied to situations where there is little time for group decision making or where the leader is the most knowledgeable member of the group

A

Authoritarian leadership

54
Q

Also known as democratic leadership it is typically the most effective leadership style

A

Participative leadership or democratic

55
Q

These type of leaders over guidance to group members but they also participate in the group and allow input from other group members

A

Democratic leaders

56
Q

These leaders encourage group members to participate but retain the final say in the decision making process

A

Participative leaders

57
Q

In this type of leadership group members feel engaged in the process environment motivated and creative

A

Participative leadership

58
Q

These leaders tend to make followers feel like better and important part of the teeth which helps foster commitment to the goals of the group

A

Democratic leaders

59
Q

The followers in this group also made more demands on the leader, show people cooperation, and we’re unable to work independently

A

The negative leadership or Laissez-faire

60
Q

These leaders offer little or no guidance the group members and leave decision making up to group members

A

Delegative leaders

61
Q

It often leads to poorly defined roles and a lack of motivation

A

Delegative leadership

62
Q

Lewin states that this leadership style tend to result in groups that block direction where members blame each other for mistakes, refuse to accept personal responsibility, and produce a lack of progress and work

A

Laissez faire leadership

63
Q

It is often identified as the single most effective style

A

Transformational leadership style

64
Q

This style was first described during the late 1970s and later expanded upon my researcher Bernard M. Bass

A

Transformational leadership style

65
Q

Transformational leadership style was described during the late___and expanded upon by researcher____

A

1970s
Bernard M. Bass

66
Q

Some of the characteristics of his style of leadership or the abilities to motivate the inspire followers and the direct positive changes in groups

A

Bernard M. Bass

67
Q

These leaders tend to be emotionally intelligent energetic and passionate

A

Transformational leaders

68
Q

They are not only committed to helping the organization achieve its goals but also to help improve members fulfill their potential

A

Transformational leaders

69
Q

Research has revealed that this style of leadership resulted in higher performance and more improve group satisfaction than other leadership styles

A

Transformational leadership style

70
Q

These views the leader follower relationship as a transaction

A

Transactional leadership style

71
Q

The ____focuses on the follower completing required tasks in exchange for monetary compensation

A

Transaction

72
Q

One of the main advantages of this leadership style is that it creates clearly defined roles

A

Transactional leadership style

73
Q

It allows leaders to offer a great deal of supervision and direction if it’s needed

Group members may also be motivated to perform well to receive awards

A

Transactional leadership style

74
Q

Two types of situational leadership styles

A

Hersey and Blanchard’s leadership styles
Blanchard’s SLII leadership styles

75
Q

It is one of the best known situational theories first publish in 1969 which describes four primary styles of leadership

A

Hersey and Blanchard’s model

76
Q

Hersey and Blanchard’s model describes four primary styles of leadership including

A

Telling style
Selling style
Participating style
Delegating style

77
Q

Characterized by telling people what to do

A

Telling style

78
Q

Involved leaders convincing followers to buy into their ideas and messages

A

Selling style

79
Q

Is marked by allowing group members to take a more active role in the decision making process

A

Participating style

80
Q

Involves taking a hands off approach to leadership and allowing group members to make the majority of decisions

A

Delegating style

81
Q

Eat emphasize how the developmental and skill level of learners influences the style that should be used by leaders

A

Blanchard expanded model

82
Q

Blanchard also describe four different learning styles including

A

Directing style
Coaching style
Supporting style
Delegating style

83
Q

This involves giving orders and expecting obedience but offers little in the way of guidance and assistance

A

Directing style

84
Q

Means giving lots of orders but leaders also give lots of support

A

Coaching style

85
Q

Is an approach that offers plenty of help but very little direction

A

Supporting style

86
Q

This style is low in both direction and support

A

Delegating style

87
Q

Like most things,______it’s a highly multifaceted subject and it is a mixture of many factors that help determine why some people become great leaders

A

Leadership

PMNL 111 (10 decks)

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