Theories/theorists (AO2) Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the need for social validation?
+ Theorist/Researcher
The strong desire to avoid being an outsider, even in potentially dangerous situations
Latane
Example: Staying in a smoke-filled room rather than leaving alone
How can a person’s behavior be shaped?
+ Theorist/Researcher
Through operant conditioning using rewards and punishments
BF Skinner
What are the four maxims of discourse?
+ Theorist/Researcher
Quantity, Quality, Relation, Manner
Grice
What factors help in persuading consumers to invest in a product or service?
+ Theorist/Researcher
- Synthetic personalisation
- Accessing members’ resources
- Building consumer trust
BF Skinner
What is synthetic personalisation?
+ Theorist/Researcher
Treating people as individuals rather than as a part of a much bigger group, building up a ‘fake’ personal connection
Norman Fairclough
What is accessing members’ resources?
+ Theorist/Researcher
Understanding the consumers’ hopes, fears, humour, and interests
Norman Fairclough
What is building consumerism?
+ Theorist/Researcher
To remove any potential doubts consumers may have about a product or a service
Norman Fairclough
What are the two states in which people can exist?
+ Theorist/Researcher
- Autonomous state
- Agentic state
Milgram
What typically facilitates entering the agentic state?
Perceiving the person giving orders as credible and responsible
What are the three stages that make up the habit loop?
+ Theorist/Researcher
- Cue
- Routine
- Reward
Duhigg
What three factors make it easier to intentionally create habits?
+ Theorist/Researcher
- Build in incremental steps
- Remove other decisions
- Ensure progress is visible and trackable
Weinschenk
How can new habits be anchored to existing ones?
+ Theorist/Researcher
By using an existing behavior as a cue for the new habit
Weinschenk
How many days does it take to form a habit on average?
+ Theorist/Researcher
66 days
Lally
What can changing someone’s internal story influence?
+ Theorist/Researcher
Their thoughts and behaviors
Freedman
What are the benefits of patient-centered communication skills?
+ Theorist/Researcher
- Improved outcomes
- Increased patient knowledge
- Enhanced self-efficacy
- Better informed decision making
Levinson
What factors increase patient disclosure during interviews?
+ Theorist/Researcher
- Effective eye-contact
- Good posture
- Appropriate tone of voice
- Head nods
- Gestures
Vogel
How do physicians’ word choices affect patients?
+ Theorist/Researcher
They influence the patient’s perception of illness severity and susceptibility
National Institution of Health
What is cultural and linguistic competency?
+ Theorist/Researcher
Recognizing diverse populations’ unique cultural beliefs, values, traditions, and health practices
US Department of Health and Human Services
How is health literacy defined?
+ Theorist/Researcher
The capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services
US Department of Health and Human Services
What are the five components that constitute stigma?
+ Theorist/Researcher
- Identification and labeling of differences
- Linking to undesirable characteristics
- Us versus them mentality
- Experiences of discrimination
- Loss of power
Link and Phelan
Why is stigma surrounding medical conditions dangerous?
+ Theorist/Researcher
It is linked with worsened clinical outcomes
Link and Phelan
What can careful use of language achieve?
+ Theorist/Researcher
- Lower anxiety
- Build confidence
- Educate
- Improve self-care
Language Matter (2nd Edition)
What is encouraged to create a non-judgmental tone with patients?
+ Theorist/Researcher
Consciously converging to a patient’s use of language
Language Matters (2nd Edition)
