Theory 2 Flashcards
(58 cards)
major category words (4)
- adjectives
- nouns
- adverbs
- main verbs
gradation pronunication
Pronunciation in a longer utterance (sentence)
minor category words (also called function words = 5)
- prepositions
- articles
- pronouns
- auxiliaries
- conjunctions
deletion site
a place where words have been deleted because they would have been repeated otherwise.
(I think we can do it today, but I don’t thing we can (do it) tomorrow)
deletion rule
the auxiliary has its SF immediately before a deletion site.
deletion rule in case of ‘to be’
When be is a copula, the deletion rule applies to the subject complement (nominal part of the predicate).
weak form (WF= 3)
- no foot (no stressed syllable)
- always weak vowels
- lose initial /h/ and /w/
the use of SF of auxiliaries (3)
- they are accented
- they occur immediately before a deletion site
- in sentence-inital position, the SF may also be used.
gradation of prepositions (SF=3)
Prepositions have their SF when:
- they are accented
- they occur immediately before a deletion site
- an unaccented preposition occurs before an unaccented personal pronoun (preposition usually also has its SF.)
phoneme substitutions
replace a phoneme (sound) in a word with another phoneme to form a new word. (band-sand-bank)
auxiliay (3)
hulpwerkwoord; be, do & have
conjuction (4)
voegwoord; and, but, while, although
copula
a type of verb, of which the most common is “be”, that joins the subject of the verb with a complement (You smell nice)
predicate
the part of a sentence that contains the verb and gives information about the subject (We went to the airport => went to the airport)
phonological context
the place of a phoneme in a longer utterance. E.g. duration of a vowel depends on phonological context.
allophones
Different pronunciations of a phoneme used in different phonological contexts. (t= style - tile)
Allophones are written between square brackets: [ ]
allophones
Different pronunciations of a phoneme used in different phonological contexts. (AN=’geen’ met harde of zachte ‘G’, betekenis veranderd niet)
Allophones are written between square brackets: [ ]
basic phonemes
normal phonemes (klanken = vowels & consonants)
onomatopoeic words
Onomatopoeic: the formation of a word by imitation of a sound made by or associated with its referent
onomatopoeic words
Onomatopoeic: the formation of a word by imitation of a sound made.
phonetics
It studies the production, transmission and reception of speech-sounds and the descriptions of sounds with all their different realizations depending on context.
phoneme
the smallest unit of language that brings about a change in meaning. Phonemes are written between / /.
phonology
It studies the linguistic functions of phonemes.
overgeneralisation
Applying a rule you have (just) mastered even to the exceptions.
