Therapietic Modalities Intro

Question 1

T/f: TM used to be a big part of pts POC in PT, but them people stopped using them and now PTs are beginning to use them more again

Answer 1

True

Question 2

T/f: Pts used to require physicians referral for modalities and physicians viewed PT and modalities as one and the same

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Are all modalities covered by insurance and reimbursed?

Answer 3

Nope

Question 4

Should we still use a modality if it is not covered but the patient may benefit from its use?

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

What personnel are not authorized to provide outpatient PT services?

Answer 5

AIDS, ATCs, exercise physiologists, lymphedema specialists, low vision specialists, pilates instructors, rehab techs, kinesiotherapists, life skills trainers

Question 6

T/f: treatment may be reimbursed at a higher rate for faster recovery

Answer 6

True

Question 7

T/f: if evidence for a modality is peer reviewed, it will be covered and reimbursed by insurance

Answer 7

False

Question 8

T/f: ES for Bell’s palsy, low level laser therapy, microwave diathermy, infrared, and iontophoresis are modalities that are covered by insurance

Answer 8

False, none of these are covered

Question 9

T/f: the use of modalities as stand alone treatment is rarely therapeutic and usually not required

Answer 9

True

Question 10

When symptoms that require modalities begin to subside and fxn improves, the medical record should reflect what?

Answer 10

The discontinuation of the modality and why it was discontinued

Question 11

What is involved in clinical decision making with when and what modalities to use?

Answer 11

Consider the pts wants and needs
Consider the pts fxnal goals
Consider contraindications, precautions, and warnings

Question 12

What interventions are in our tool boxes for POC?

Answer 12

Manual therapy
Ther ex
Pt ed
TM

Question 13

T/f: modalities can be applied with many different parameters, particularly energy dose for different pts and different stages of recovery

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What are the types of TM?

Answer 14

Thermal
Electromagnetic
Mechanical

Question 15

What are the types of cold TM?

Answer 15

Ice, cold water, cold packs, vapocoolant sprays

Question 16

What are the physiological responses to cryotherapy (cold TM)?

Answer 16

Decreased blood flow/tissue metabolism
Increased threshold for pain perception

Question 17

What are the types of heat TM?

Answer 17

Warm water
Heat packs
US
Diathermy

Question 18

What are the physiological responses to thermotherapy (heat TM)?

Answer 18

Decreased spasms and pain
Increased blood flow and tissue extensibility
Facilitate tissue healing

Question 19

What are the types of electromagnetic modalities?

Answer 19

Electrotherapy
Electromagnetic radiation
Diathermy, US, infrared???

Question 20

What are the effects of electrotherapy?

Answer 20

Strengthen/relax muscle
Neuromuscular re education
Decrease pain and edema
Increase tissue and wound healing
Increase blood flow

Question 21

What are the applications of electrotherapy?

Answer 21

TENS, NMES, FES, iontophoresis

Question 22

What are the types of electromagnetic radiation?

Answer 22

Shortwave diathermy
Infrared radiation

Question 23

What are the effects of electromagnetic radiation?

Answer 23

Increase tissue temp
Promote wound healing

Question 24

What are the types of mechanical modalities?

Answer 24

Compression
Traction

Question 25

What are some forms of compression modalities?

Answer 25

Wraps, stockings, garments, compression pumps

Question 26

What are the effects of compression modalities?

Answer 26

Decreased edema Promote modeling of scar tissue

Question 27

T/f: traction can be either manual or mechanical

Answer 27

True

Question 28

What are the effects of traction?

Answer 28

Decreased compression on structures

Question 29

What are the clinical applications of TM?

Answer 29

Modulation of pain Alteration of skeletal muscle performance Decrease inflammation and facilitate tissue healing Increase tissue extensibility

Question 30

How does TM modulate pain?

Answer 30

Gate control theory

Question 31

How does TM alterate muscle performance?

Answer 31

Increase strength Decrease spasticity Retraining

Question 32

When do we use TM to decrease and facilitate tissue healing?

Answer 32

Inflammatory, proliferation, and maturation stages

Question 33

What TM can increase tissue extensibility?

Answer 33

Stim and diathermy

Question 34

What are some ways that modalities can complement other therapies?

Answer 34

Heat b4 stretching Decrease pain b4 exercise

Question 35

What are consideration for using the right outcomes?

Answer 35

Consider appropriate measures or techniques Consider best measurement for each individual Consider the enigmatic nature of pain Consider the expected physiologic effects

Question 36

What are contraindications?

Answer 36

Factors that will harm the pt Increased risk of an adverse event or undesired outcome and use may be harmful

Question 37

What are precautions?

Answer 37

The pt may have an adverse event Factors, findings, or circumstances require special consideration A situation with some risk of an adverse event

Question 38

What are warnings?

Answer 38

When the DPT should think about the evidence and the goals of the pt

Question 39

What some contraindications/precautions for TM?

Answer 39

Compromised/diminished/impaired sensation Compromised/diminished/impaired cognition or communication Electronic implants Pregnancy Presence or history of cancer DVT

Question 40

T/f: it is the student’s responsibility to know the potential to cause harm with a modality

Answer 40

True

Question 41

What should a student do to know the risk of a TM?

Answer 41

Know and refer to the manuals of the TM being used