Therapy Theories

Question 1

Change through insight and understanding of early, unresolved issues

Answer 1

Psychodynamic therapy

Question 2

Insight oriented therapy

Answer 2

Psychodynamic therapy

Question 3

A belief that psychopathology develops from early childhood experiences

Answer 3

Psychodynamic therapy

Question 4

Understanding the influence of the past on current behavior

Answer 4

Psychodynamic therapy

Question 5

Explore’s client’s transference;

Free association

Answer 5

Psychodynamic therapy

Question 6

Identify defense mechanisms

Answer 6

Psychodynamic therapy

Question 7

Good for higher functioning people capable of insight; relationship problems

Answer 7

Psychodynamic therapy

Question 8

Change of behavior through reinforcements and punishments

Answer 8

Behavioral therapy

Question 9

Occurs when a behavior (response) is followed by a stimulus that is rewarding, increasing the behavior

Answer 9

Positive reinforcement (reinforcement)

Question 10

Occurs when a behavior (response) is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus, thereby increasing that behaviors’ frequency

Answer 10

Negative reinforcement (escape)

Question 11

Ex: Wife nags husband until he does something, then the nagging stops

Answer 11

Negative reinforcement (escape)

Question 12

Occurs when a behavior (response) is followed by a stimulus, such as introducing a shock or loud noise, resulting in a decrease in that behavior

Answer 12

Positive punishment (punishment)

Question 13

I.e. spanking

Answer 13

Positive punishment (punishment)

Question 14

Occurs when a behavior (response) is followed by the removal of a stimulus, resulting in a decrease in that behavior

Answer 14

Negative punishment (penalty)

Question 15

Ex: taking away a child’s toy following an undesired behavior

Answer 15

Negative punishment (penalty)

Question 16

An exchange system using the principles of operant conditioning where a token is given as a reward for a desired behavior–tokens can be exchanged for a prize or reward

Answer 16

Token economy (contingency management)

Question 17

A form of operant conditioning in which the increasingly accurate approximations of a desired response are reinforced–step by step gradual learning

Answer 17

Shaping

Question 18

A model for understanding how attachment to early caregivers affects our long term functioning

Answer 18

Attachment theory

Question 19

Used to assess the bond between mother and child–poor attachment leads to indiscriminate attachment or lack of trust

Answer 19

Attachment theory

Question 20

Change through learning to modify dysfunctional thought patterns

Answer 20

Cognitive therapy

Question 21

Clients explore patterns of thinking and beliefs that lead to self-destructive behaviors

Answer 21

Cognitive therapy

Question 22

Once an individual understands the relationship between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, they are able to modify or change existing patterns of thinking to cope with stressors in a more positive manner

Answer 22

Cognitive therapy

Question 23

Focus on automatic thoughts, schemas, assumptions, beliefs

Answer 23

Cognitive therapy

Question 24

Change through accessing client’s strengths and resources

Answer 24

Solution-focused therapy

Question 25

Brief, goal-directed therapy focused on client's strengths and resources

Answer 25

Solution-focused therapy

Question 26

Focuses on what the client wants to achieve instead of focusing on the problems

Answer 26

Solution-focused therapy

Question 27

Miracle question; good for short-term problems

Answer 27

Solution-focused therapy

Question 28

Change through increased awareness of the here-and-now experience

Answer 28

Gestalt therapy

Question 29

Focuses on the process, what is actually happening, and the content, what is being talked about

Answer 29

Gestalt therapy

Question 30

Emphasizes what is going on in the present moment rather than what has happened

Answer 30

Gestalt therapy

Question 31

Empty chair technique

Answer 31

Gestalt therapy

Question 32

Emotional dialogue with the client's self or person who is imagined to be in a chair

Answer 32

Empty chair technique

Question 33

Change through remodeling the family's organization

Answer 33

Structural family therapy

Question 34

A systems approach that address relationship dynamics of whole family

Answer 34

Structural family therapy

Question 35

Helps understand how family structure (relationships and hierarchies) can be changed, the impact of rituals and rules, how new patterns of interaction can be integrated into the family

Answer 35

Structural family therapy

Question 36

Enmeshed families known for incest | Disengaged families known for substance abuse

Answer 36

Structural family therapy

Question 37

Change through understanding multigenerational dynamics

Answer 37

Bowen family therapy

Question 38

Individuals cannot be understood in isolation from one another but rather as a part of their family

Answer 38

Bowen family therapy

Question 39

Family members are driven to achieve a balance of internal and external differentiation, which causes anxiety, triangulation, and emotional cutoff

Answer 39

Bowen family therapy

Question 40

Change through finding meaning in life; understanding purpose

Answer 40

Logotherapy

Question 41

Founded upon the belief that it is the striving to find a meaning in one's life that is the primary, most powerful motivating and driving force

Answer 41

Logotherapy

Question 42

Change through recognizing disempowering social forces and powering client

Answer 42

Feminist therapy

Question 43

Shows client that she is her own rescuer and with every symptom there is strength; good for eating disorders

Answer 43

Feminist therapy

Question 44

Change through supporting clients to take actions to address the problems in their lives; short term; Focus of help is on client-defined problems and goals

Answer 44

Task-centered/problem-solving therapy

Question 45

Practitioner facilitates task work, reviews clients accomplishments/provides corrective feedback; good for lower functioning individuals

Answer 45

Task-centered/problem-solving therapy

Question 46

Change is affected primarily through problem-solving actions or tasks the client and practitioner undertake OUTSIDE the interview

Answer 46

Task-centered/problem-solving therapy

Question 47

Aims to change behavioral, emotional, and thinking patterns associated with dysfunction

Answer 47

Dialectical behavior therapy

Question 48

Developed to treat intense emotional swings, impulsiveness, confusion regarding self-identity, and suicidal behavior

Answer 48

Dialectical behavior therapy

Question 49

Teaches mindfulness, interpersonal effectiveness, emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and self-management

Answer 49

Dialectical behavior therapy

Question 50

Change occurs by externalizing problem and creating a new narrative or story, which emphasizes client's competencies and strengths

Answer 50

Narrative therapy

Question 51

Problems are viewed as separate entities from the client

Answer 51

Narrative therapy

Question 52

Therapist "externalizes" problem; highlights "unique outcomes" when client could resist the problem; therapist "maps the influence" of the problem

Answer 52

Narrative therapy

Question 53

Treatment focuses on the client's gaining back control and empowerment in their lives; client having been hurt by something

Answer 53

Trauma informed therapy

Question 54

Having an understanding of not only the psychological impacts of trauma, but the neurological, biological, & interpersonal effects of trauma

Answer 54

Trauma informed therapy

Question 55

Do not begin this therapy while the trauma is still actively occurring; safety must be established first

Answer 55

Trauma informed therapy

Question 56

An evidence based treatment for children and adolescents used to treat the effects of trauma

Answer 56

Trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy

Question 57

Involves individual sessions with both the child and caregiver as well as joint sessions; short term

Answer 57

Trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy

Question 58

Stage 1 of TFCBT: includes psychoeducation, relaxation skills, and parenting skills (skills are needed to help parent/child tolerate the trauma processing in stage 2.

Answer 58

Stabilization

Question 59

Stage 2 of TFCBT: allows the child to tell the story of their trauma (starts with factual info then moves into their thoughts); form of exposure therapy

Answer 59

Trauma narrative

Question 60

Stage 3: Focuses on enhancing personal safety and future growth

Answer 60

Integration and consolidation

Question 61

Alleviates symptoms of trauma of clients still effected by trauma

Answer 61

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing)

Question 62

Clients recall distressing images/memories while engaging in bilateral stimulation/controlled eye movement

Answer 62

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing)

Question 63

Involves exposing the client to the source of anxiety in a safe environment which allows them to overcome their anxiety

Answer 63

Exposure therapy

Question 64

Used to treat anxiety disorders including phobias, PTSD social anxiety, and GAD

Answer 64

Exposure therapy

Question 65

Part of EMDR to treat phobias; involves the client being exposed to progressively more anxiety provoking situations as they are taught relaxation skills

Answer 65

Systematic desensitization

Question 66

Evidence based treatment for PTSD; helps clients gradually approach trauma-related memories/subsequent feelings and situations/places that cause anxiety as a result of their trauma

Answer 66

Prolonged exposure therapy

Question 67

Uses imaginal and in-vivo (in person) exposure; imaginal exposure includes the retelling of the trauma memory

Answer 67

Prolonged exposure therapy