Thigh

Question 1

Name the muscles in the anterior compartment of thigh.

Answer 1

1. sartorius

2. quadriceps femoris: rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis

Question 2

which muscle forms the roof of the adductor canal?

Answer 2

sartorius

*it is also the longest muscle in the body

Question 3

origin/ insertion of sartorius

Answer 3

origin- ASIS and the notch below it

insertion- pes anserinus (on medial surface of the body of the tibia)

Question 4

what is the innervation of the anterior comaprtment of the thigh?

Answer 4

femoral nerve

Question 5

what is the arterial supply for anterior compartment of thigh?

Answer 5

femoral artery & profundus femoral a.

Question 6

what is the function of sartorius?

Answer 6

flexes, abducts and laterally rotates the hip

flexes the knee and emdially rotates the leg from the flexed position

Question 7

O/I of rectus femoris

Answer 7

origin: (2 tendons)
- straight (anterior) tendon arises from ASIS
- posterior tendon arises from a groove above acetabulum

insertion: base (superior border) of the patella via a thick aponeurotic tendon then via patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity

Question 8

which is the largest of the quadriceps muscles?

Answer 8

vastus lateralis

Question 9

O/I of vastus lateralis?

Answer 9

origin- lateral lip of linea aspera, lateral lip of gluteal tuberosity, anterior and inferior borders of the greater trochanter and the proximal itnertrochanteric line

I- lateral border of patella and tendon of quadriceps femoris then via the patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity

Question 10

O/I of vastus medialis?

Answer 10

origin- distal intertrochanteric line, medial IM septum, tendons of adductor longus and magnus, proximal medial supracondylar line, medial lip of the linea aspera

I- medial border of the patella and the tendon of teh quadriceps femoris then via the patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity

Question 11

O/I of vastus intermedius?

Answer 11

O- proximal 2/3 of anterior and lateral surfaces of the femur
I- quadriceps tendon via the patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity

Question 12

O/I of articularis genu?

Answer 12

O- anterior surface of distal femur

I- synovial mb of the knee joint

Question 13

the articularis genus is a small muscle located deep to what muscle?

Answer 13

vastus intermedius

Question 14

which muscles make up the medial compartment of thigh?

Answer 14

(hip adductors)
gracilis
pectineus

Question 15

what is the innervation to medial compartment of thigh?

Answer 15

obturator nerve

*note that pectinues m.

Question 16

what is teh arterial supply to the medial compartment of thigh?

Answer 16

profundus femoral a.

Question 17

O/I of gracilis?

Answer 17

O- inferior 1/2 of pubic symphysis, pubic body, and the superior 1/2 of inferior pubic ramus

I- pes anserinus

Question 18

function of gracilis

Answer 18

adductor and medial rotator at the hip and a flexor at the knee

Question 19

O/I of pectineus

Answer 19

origin- pecten pubis, the bone anterior to the pecten pubis btwn the pubic tubercle and the iliopectineal eminence

insertion- pectineal line (line btwn the lesser trochanter and the linea aspera) on femur

Question 20

what is the pectineus innervated by?

Answer 20

femoral n.

note that eventhough it is in the MEDIAL compartment, it is innervated by the posterior compartment nerve- femoral n.

Question 21

function of pectineus

Answer 21

flexion, adduction and medial rotation of the hip

Question 22

O/I of adductor longus

Answer 22

origiin- front of the body of the pubis

insertion- media lip of the linea aspera btwn the attachments of the vastus medialis and adductor magnus

Question 23

the obturator nerve divides into anterior and posterior divisions around what muscles?

Answer 23

adductor brevis

Question 24

O/I of adductor brevis

Answer 24

origin- pubic body and inferior pubic ramus btwn gracilis and obturator externus

insertion- proximal part of the linea aspera

Question 25

which muscles is the most anterior of the adductor muscles?

Answer 25

adductor longus * adductor brevis lies posterior to adductor longus * adductor magnus lies deep to adductor brevis

Question 26

What is the adductor hiatus and in which muscle is it found?

Answer 26

found in the adductor magnus | allows passage of teh femoral vessels into the popliteal fossa

Question 27

O/I of adductor magnus

Answer 27

O- inferior pubic ramus, ramus of teh ischium and the ischial tuberosity insertion- gluteal tuberosity , linea aspera, medial supracondylar line and adductor tubercle of teh femur

Question 28

innervation of adductor magnus

Answer 28

POSTERIOR division of obturator nerve and the tibial portion of sciatic nerve

Question 29

function of adductor magnus

Answer 29

adductor, felxor, and extensor of the hip | *all functions are possible because fo the different fiber orientations in the muscle

Question 30

Name the muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh.

Answer 30

(hamstring muscles) 1. biceps femoris 2. semitendinosus 3. semimembranosus

Question 31

O/I of biceps femoris

Answer 31

(2 heads) origin- long head arises from the posterior part of the ischial tuberosity ; short head originates from the lateral lip of the linea aspera, the lateral supracondylar line of the femur and from the lateral IM septum insertion- lateral side of the styloid process of the head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

Question 32

innervation of long and short head of biceps femoris?

Answer 32

long head- tibial nerve (makes sense it is in posterior thigh) short head- COMMON PERONEAL NERVE

Question 33

function of biceps femoris

Answer 33

both heads act to flex the knee and laterally rotate the knee from the flexed position *the long head EXTENDS and laterally rotates the hip

Question 34

O/I of semitendinosus

Answer 34

origin- ischial tuberosity | insertion- proximal part of the medial surface of the tibia

Question 35

function of semitendinosus

Answer 35

flex the knee and a medial rotator from full flexion | it also extends the hip

Question 36

O/I of semimembranosus

Answer 36

origin- ischial tuberosity | insertion- medial surface of the medial tibial condyle and to posterior surface of lateral femoral condyle

Question 37

function of semimembranosus

Answer 37

flexor at the knee and medial rotator from full flexion | also extends the thigh

Question 38

which muscle gives rise to fibers that proceed superolaterally to form the oblique popliteal ligament?

Answer 38

semimembranosus

Question 39

which is the only quadriceps muscle in the thigh that allows you to flex the hip also (because it crosses that joint)?

Answer 39

rectus femoris | it originates from the AIIS