things to study Flashcards
(32 cards)
The belief that God wanted the US to expand its territory westward onto Indian land
Manifest Destiny
African Americans who left the South to escape discrimination and violence and moved west for new freedoms and opportunity
Exodusters
The government act that gave free land in the west to citizens if they farmed on it for 5 years
Homestead Act
The government act that gave land to states to establish colleges to educate local son agriculture and engineering
Morrill Land Grant Act
The government act that gave land to railroad companies to lay rail, and established routes
Pacific Railway Act
The US General who disobeyed orders and was killed, along with 200 US Cavalry during the Battle of Little Big Horn
General George Armstrong Custer
The locations of the battle between the US 7th Calvary and the Sioux Indians, who were fighting to preserve their land and way of life
Little Big Horn
Sioux/Lakota Chiefs who led their people to resist attempts from the US government to take their land through treaties and force them onto reservations
Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull
The official plans of the US government to deal with the “Indian Problem”, where the US government wanted to expand and the Indians were making it difficult
Federal Indian Policy
The Federal Policy supported by President Jackson that removed all eastern tribes from their land and placed them on “Indian Territory” west of the Mississippi River.
Removal
The Federal Policy that involved written agreements between the US Government and Indian Tribes establishing land use and hunting grounds.
Treaties
The Federal Policy that forced separation of whites and Indians by forcing Native Tribes to live on isolated areas of land.
Reservation System
The Federal Policy that attempted to force Indian assimilation to white culture by dividing up reservation land and allotting 160 acre plots to each Indian family, requiring them to farm, own land, and live in individual families, not communally. The remaining land was sold off to whites.
Dawes Act
A process where a person or group’s language or culture changes to resemble those of another.
Assimilation
The massacre of the Lakota Sioux by the US Army in South Dakota that marked the end of the Indian Wars.
Wounded Knee
The laying of railroad track connecting the East Coast to the West Coast of the US.
Transcontinental Railroad
The authority of indigenous tribes to govern themselves.
Tribal Sovereignty
Nickname for African-American soldiers who fought in the wars against Native Americans living on the Great Plains during the 1870s
Buffalo Soldiers
A process that resulted in many Native Americans losing parts of the culture and adopting “white” ways of living. An example of this would be Native Americans changing their style of dress
Assimilation
The removal or abandonment of one’s own culture and
replacement with another. The forced enrollment of Native American children into boarding schools is an example of deculturalization
Deculturalization
In the 1851 treaty, Plains Indians ceded (gave up) land to allow passage trains; the U.S promised to preserve remaining Indian land. The 1868 treaty ended fighting between the U.S and the Cheyenne and Sioux and guaranteed Indian control of the Black Hills; it also called for the Indians to move onto reservations. Many Sioux chiefs rejected the treaty.
In the 1851 treaty, Plains Indians ceded (gave up) land to allow passage trains; the U.S promised to preserve remaining Indian land. The 1868 treaty ended fighting between the U.S and the Cheyenne and Sioux and guaranteed Indian control of the Black Hills; it also called for the Indians to move onto reservations. Many Sioux chiefs rejected the treaty.
Treaties of Fort Laramie (1851 & 1868)
An attack on a village of sleeping Cheyenne Indians by a regiment of Colorado militiamen on 29 November 1864 that resulted in the death of more than 200 tribal members
Sand Creek Massacre
Being your own nation.The right to govern yourself.
The authority of indigenous tribes to govern themselves. Members of federally recognized tribes are dual citizens - citizens of their tribes AND citizens of the United States
Sovereignty
A Supreme Court ruling that declared a state did not have the power to enforce laws on tribal lands-only the Federal Government can negotiate treaties and laws with Federally recognized tribes
Worcester v. Georgia (1832)
