Thinking and Intelligence Flashcards
(9 cards)
What is a schema?
A mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts. Schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently.
What is a role schema?
A schema that makes assumptions about how individuals in certain roles will behave.
What is an event schema?
A schema that is a set of behaviors that can feel like a routine. It is also known as a cognitive script, and it is an automatic schema.
For example, the process of entering an elevator and turning around to face the doors.
What is an algorithm?
A step-by-step problem solving formula used to produce the correct result.
For example, an instructional video for installing new computer software.
What is a heuristic?
A general problem-solving formula of mental shortcuts used to solve a problem.
For example, working backwards or breaking tasks into steps.
What is crystallized intelligence?
Acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it. Helps to overcome concrete, straightforward problems.
For example, when you learn, remember, and recall information.
What is fluid intelligence?
The ability to see complex relationships and solve problems. Helps to overcome complex, abstract problems.
For example, finding a new route home after a detour on the typical route.
What is divergent thinking?
Thinking “outside the box”, allowing the individual to come up with unique, multiple solutions to a problem.
What is convergent thinking?
Thinking that provides a correct or well-established answer or solution to a problem.
