Thinking, Intelligence And Language Flashcards
(49 cards)
What is informal reasoning?
Heuristics (Shortcuts to judgement)
What is Formal Reasoning?
Algorithm Step-by-step Time consuming to make a judgement (Precise exact answer) It takes too long
What is Heuristics?
Shortcuts to judgement that happens in a matter of seconds
Anchoring Heuristic is a short cut to judgement based on what?
- Initial Impression
- Met with contradictory evidence, the initial impressions changes only slightly if it all. (Confirmation bias)
( the example of parents that did not like your boyfriend)
Target example: you look for red shirts and cocky pants
What is Confirmation Bias in Anchoring Heuristic?
We have a tendency to pay attention to what confirms (supports or agrees) with our opinion (bias)
Representativeness Heuristic is a short cut to judgement based on what?
- “Prototype” about a group of people
2. Ignoring odds (posibilidades) to the contrary
Availability Heuristic is a short cut to judgement based on what?
What is “mentally available”/ What we have been thinking lately….
Example: when we call Klinnex to the tissue which is a brand , Titanic example
Affect Heuristic is a short cut to judgement based on what?
Avoiding the intensity of fear associated with failure….
The older we get the more we learn not to be that way, stay bold
What is Functional Fixedness?
A person has a tendency to be fixed on the primary function of an object. Look for solutions.
If you wanna overcome functional fixedness, the pathway is creativity
What are the Problem-Solving strategies?
- Incubation
- Means-end Analysis, subgoals, decomposition
- Working backwards
- Analogies
What is the incubation problem-solving strategy?
Take a break from the task and look at it fresh. “Sleep” on it
What is the means- end analysis strategy?
Take overwhelming break if into management parts.
Organize myself , to divide the work that i got to do
What is the working backwards problem-solving strategy?
Goals setting, or lists of what I will do. Action plans
What is the analogies problem-solving strategy?
If you want to change an outcome, evaluate what you’re did to contribute to the outcome.
Whre is the language located in the brain?
Left hemisphere dominated
What is contralateralization?
The left atmosphere controls the right atmosphere of the body, and the right atmosphere controls the left side of the body
What would you have to do if you want to cross the midline of the brain?
Requires to activate the corpus callosum
What is the corpus callosum?
Integrate the hemispheres
How do we know about the corpus collosum?
Because of a research called split brain surgery, which they severe the corpus collosum (lose your ability to language)
What are the areas in the left hemisphere dominated?
- Broca’s Area
2. Wernicke’s Area
What does the broca’s area?
The part of the brain stimulated for speech production.
What is Wernicke’s Area?
Is the part of the brain stimulated for speech organization
What do we have diring the school years?
Language Acquisition Device (LAD).
We born with more neurons that we need, but they are not organize because we need stimulation from the environment (people communication)
What does bilingualism develops?
- Asychronously: Which means development language, they do not need to translate every word. They neural system is develop to speak and understand each language
