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ISS 315 > Third Exam > Flashcards

Third Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Countries of Western Europe primarily located on the European Lowland

A

Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Poland, Belgium, and France

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2
Q

What is the Iron Curtain?

A

symbolic separation between East and West during Cold War

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3
Q

Who is Charlemagne and what is his importance?

A

King of the Franks, founded the Holy Roman Empire, stimulated European economic and political life, promoted education

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4
Q

European countries that were members of the now defunct Warsaw Pact alliance

A

Albania, Bulgaria, Czech, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania

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5
Q

Location of the Hanseatic League

A

Northwest and central Europe along the North and Baltic Seas

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6
Q

How does Europe compare in size (area) to the U.S.?

A

2/3 the size of the U.S.

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of the European Lowland?

A

Densest population
Best agriculture
Large cities
Major industrial regions
Low lying terrain
Navigable rivers

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8
Q

Where is the Jewish Pale?

A

east Poland and further east into Russia

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9
Q

Approximate population of Europe

A

546 million

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10
Q

Examples of countries that are experiencing irredentism in Europe

A

Irredentism - support of similar people in one country to be part of another
Moldova & Romania, Albania & Kosovo, Russia & east Ukraine

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11
Q

What was the purpose of the Schengen Agreement in the European Union?

A

creates a system where citizens of certain European countries do not have to show passports to cross borders

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12
Q

What are the four seas that encircle Europe?

A

Baltic, North, Mediterranean, and Black Seas

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13
Q

Countries of the former Yugoslavia

A

Bosnia, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovenia, and Kosovo

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14
Q

Country of Europe with the largest population

A

Germany

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15
Q

Many guest workers (and their descendants) in Germany are from which country?

A

Turkey

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16
Q

Where do most immigrants to the UK come from?

A

Hong Kong, India, Pakistan, Africa, and Middle East

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17
Q

Protestant reformation and war

A

Began with split of Catholic Church’s teachings
War between Catholics and Protestants for 30 years
More than 8 million people died

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18
Q

The greatest economic power of Europe

A

Germany

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19
Q

What are the three historical eras represented in European city landscapes?

A

Medieval, Renaissance-Baroque, and Industrial

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20
Q

In what year was the re-conquest of Spain completed and what things occurred that same year?

A

1492 during the Jewish Diaspora

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21
Q

Supranationalism

A

3 or more countries joining together, giving up sovereignty for a common purpose

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22
Q

Location of Protestantism in Europe

A

Northern Europe

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23
Q

What is balkanization (devolution)?

A

breakup of a state into smaller hostile units

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24
Q

Why is development in Siberia limited?

A

thousands of miles, cold climate, little precipitation
Western Siberia contains largest wetland area
Can’t build buildings because the land is covered with ice

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25
Q

What is the significance of Lake Baikal?

A

world’s largest in volume freshwater lake - 400 miles long, nearly a mile deep

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26
Q

What makes Russia distinctive as compared to other countries?

A

largest land area of any country on Earth

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27
Q

Perestroika

A

economic restructuring

28
Q

Caucus region

A

region between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea

29
Q

What natural feature marks the divide between European Russia and Asian Russia?

A

Ural Mountains

30
Q

Location of the Caucasus Mountains

A

Russia’s southern boundary between the Black and Caspian Sea

31
Q

Primary climate in the Russian Domain and what are the characteristics?

A

Largely high latitude continental climate (D)
Temperature extremes
Short growing seasons

32
Q

Approximate population of the Russian Domain?

A

200+ million

33
Q

Who were the Bolsheviks?

A

Faction of Russian Communists representing the interest of the industrial workers
Led by Lenin, centralized power and introduced communism
“Reds”

34
Q

Catherine the Great of Russia

A

German wife of Peter II
Became Tsar 1762-1796 - Sofi Frederika Augusta
Expanded Russia to the south in areas that were occupied by the Turks
Expansion eastward; westward expansion slow (Cossacks - superb horsemen)

35
Q

Glasnost

A

greater openness

36
Q

Where do most of the people in the Russian Domain live?

A

in the western portion where food is produced

37
Q

What impact will global climate change have on agriculture in Russia?

A

60-90 miles northwardly shift of farmable land for every centigrade of temperature increase
May improve agriculture

38
Q

What was the purpose of Russification?

A

Move Russians into non-Russian portions of USSR to increase Russian dominance in those areas

39
Q

What is social realism in Russia?

A

a painting style devoted to the realistic depiction of workers harnessing the forces of nature of struggling against capitalism

40
Q

What is the one element that helps us to understand geographics of climate, vegetation, and agriculture in the Russian Domain?

A

the northern latitudinal position; it impacts where they can grow food and how much they can grow; shows how north they are in the world

41
Q

Who is VI Lenin?

A

Established Soviet Union in 1924 after the Bolsheviks win the revolution

42
Q

By the early 1900s, high-culture citizens of Russia imitated another country by speaking which language?

A

French

43
Q

Moscow

A

Large metropolitan area in Russia, origin of the Russian empire
Originally small municipality where Russia begins

44
Q

Russian policy regarding religion during Soviet era and after the Soviet era

A

During Soviet era, religion was prohibited
Now religious revival is underway; Eastern Orthodox Christianity is most common

45
Q

St. Petersburg

A

Capital of Russia until 1917 (after Soviet Union is established)
Was a new city with buildings designed in more European style

46
Q

In what city did Ivan the Terrible defeat the Mongols in 1552?

A

Kazan

47
Q

Cossacks

A

superb military horsemen
important to Russian expansion eastward

48
Q

Who were the original founders of Russia?

A

Southward moving Vikings from Sweden

49
Q

Why is the environment in Central Asia relatively clean?

A

low population density and low economic development

50
Q

The primary reason for the shrinking of the Aral Sea

A

use of water from rivers feeding the sea for irrigation, part of Soviet program in 1950s for cotton farming

51
Q

The earliest recorded languages of Central Asia belong to what linguistic family?

A

Indo-European

52
Q

In what area of Central Asia have 3,600 year-old mummies been found?

A

Xinjiang

53
Q

In what country of Central Asia are apple forests (the original source of apples) located?

A

Kazakhstan

54
Q

Where is oil pollution worst in Central Asia?

A

Caspian Sea

55
Q

What development led to the emergence of nomadic pastoralism in Central Asia?

A

domestication of the horse

56
Q

What resource in Central Asia that is of potentially great importance to economic development?

A

oil

57
Q

Which city of Central Asia is largely a Soviet creation?

A

Toshkent, Uzbekistan

58
Q

Which country of Central Asia was NOT previously a republic of the former USSR?

A

Afghanistan

59
Q

Why are the Caspian Sea and Aral Sea not true seas?

A

they are considered lakes because there is no outlet to an ocean

60
Q

In the Tarim Basin, where do most people live?

A

foothills of the mountains along the basin edge, where they get their water

61
Q

Impacts of climate change on Central Asia

A

Temperature increases are and will result in glaciers in the mountains in the Tibetan Plateau to melt and eventually reduce water in rivers serving arid areas
Precipitation will also be reduced in arid regions

62
Q

Which areas in Central Asia are under Chinese control?

A

Tibet and Xinjiang

63
Q

The most densely populated region of Central Asia

A

lowlands of Azerbaijan

64
Q

In Central Asia just before the 1700s, what military developments allowed the sedentary agricultural states to conquer the horse mounted nomads?

A

gunpowder and effective hand weapons

65
Q

Location of the most grass land steppe environments in Central Asia

A

the north of Kazakhstan

66
Q

Religion of the Uyghur people of Western China

A

Islamic

67
Q

Russia has worked to maintain economic ties to former Soviet republics by creating counterbalance to the European Union called?

A

Eurasian Economic Union

ISS 315 (2 decks)

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