third republic Flashcards
(29 cards)
-after ww2 when our country was given its independence of the USA (JULY 4, 1946)
- country was destroyed but it’s time for rehabilitation in our own way
Third Philippine republic
- 1st president of third Philippine republic and last president of the commonwealth
- Focused more on the rehabilitation of our country
- will serve 1946-1950 supposedly.
- died after two years in Clark Pampanga.
- Manuel Acuna Roxas (fifth president) (1946-1948)
- President will serve 4 years with two terms
1935 constitution
- date Manuel Roxas died after two years in Clark Pampanga. He was not able to continue the program but his vp succeeded who is elpedio quirin
April 15, 1948
- 2nd president of 3rd ph republic
- Great builder. He was able to continue the program of Manuel Roxas however with all the economic development of the country his administration was challenged by hukbalahap led by luis taruc.
- in 1953, he ran again for president he lost to ramon Magsaysay
- Elpidio Quirino (sixth president) (1948-1953)
- 3rd pres in 3rd philippine republic
- He won the election in 1953, 4 years until 1957.
- Being the man of the masses, therefore a communist group changed their heart and support his administration.
- The communist party of the ph reduced in number and also the threat but not totally but reduced by him.
- He was nationalistic and patriotic.
- First president who wore the barong tagalog. Therefore, it became the formal filipino male costume
- He opened malacanang to the people
- Ramon Del Fierro Magsaysay (seventh president) (1953-1957)
where did ramon magsaysay died in a plane crash and when?
mount manunggal in cebu
March 17, 1957
- 4th president of the 3rd Philippine republic
- Succeeded Magsaysay
- Bar topnotcher from bohol, talibon
- Also known as prince of Visayan poet
- His legacy was so called “filipino first” policy, this puts interest of the filipino people above those of foreigners and of the ruling party. This was his contribution
- Was a filipino teacher, poet, orator, lawyer. Public official, and guerilla leader
- Carlos Polistico Garcia (eight president) (1957-1961)
- Elected in 1961
- he won against carlos p Garcia
- His administration: he conceptualized the agrarian reform and land reform program but he was not able to implement them during his time
- President who changed the celebration of the independence day from July 4 back to June 12
JUNE 12– PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE DAY
JULY 4- FILIPINO-AMERICAN FRIENDSHIP DAY
- DURING HIS ADMINISTRATION, OUR COUNTRY JOINT WITH MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA WHERE THEY EXTABLISHED THE “MAPHILINDO” (MALAYSIA PHILIPPINES INDONESIA ORGANIZATION)
- in 1965 he RAN AGAIN FOR PRESIDENT BUT LOSE TO MARCOS
- Diosdado Pangan Macapagal (ninth president) (1961-1965)
_______– PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE DAY
___________- FILIPINO-AMERICAN FRIENDSHIP DAY
JUNE 12
JULY 4
- Sixth and the last president in the 3rd phiippine republic
- First term: 1965-1969, it was the time that this concept of Duterte came into the picture called build build build program in our govt. it was actually conceptualized during the time of this president, more on infrastructure
- in 1969, Marcos ran again for president bec. It was allowed under the 1935 constitution and he won the election
- he was the first president reelected as president to serve another 4 years so from 1969-1973
- In his second term, with all the infrastructures/ the build3x program of the govt our country also with MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA in was changed to ASEAN. More countries in southeast asia joined. Association of SouthEast Asian Nations, no longer Maphilindo
- There were issues of corruption and poverty and the threat to rebellion
- CPP (communist party of the Philippines) increased in number which was led by Joema Sison. There was threat to communism
- FERDINAND EMMANUEL EDRALIN MARCOS (10TH PRESIDENT)
provide the date
- Because of threat to rebellion and communism especially the CPP, they established anew armed group which is the New People’s Army now called CPP NPA and became CPPA NPA NDF
- With that, Marcos declared Martial Law
Sep 21, 1972
provide the year
- Before marcos will end his 2nd term, because of threat to rebellion and communism, with the presence of the New People’s Army or NPA then under proclamation no 21 then here comes the declaration of martial law
1972
- Is the temporary imposition of direct military control of normal civil functions or suspension of civil law by a government, especially in response to a temporary emergency where civil forces are overwhelmed, or in an occupied territory.
- The commander in chief gave more power to the military for the purpose of suppressing the threat of communism, lawlessness and criminality and rebellion.
Martial law (Batas Militar)
underf?
- Communist Party of the Philippines (Jose Marie Sison) DEC 1968 : medyo lumakas with the NPA
- 1969 elections
- Battle of Mendiola/ the first quarter storm
- Moro National Liberation Front : MNLF, MILF, ABUSAYYAF
- Terror Bombing Incidents and other Crimes: plaza Miranda bombing (aug 21, 1971)
- The Ambush of Juan Ponce Enrile (09-22-1972) (sep 22, 1972)
The Political Millieu in 1972 (prelude)
- The Battle of Mendiola (1st quarter storm)
- Plaza miranda bombing
- Ambush of juan ponce enrile
Communist Party of the Philippines
under?
Effects of martial law: militarization in govt, marcos controlled the govt being the chief executive & commander in chief of the armed forces, change of constitution, dictatorial, absence of election.
Supposedly Marcos will end his term in 1973. He is the president during the martial law year from 1972-1981 before the presidential election in June 16, 1981. He continued as president from 1973-1981. The 3rd Philippine republic came to an end
- Declaration of Martial rule (proc. No. 1081) 09-21-1972
- Martial Law Feature (PLEDGES)
P – Peace and Order
L- Land Reform
E – Economic Development
D – Development of Moral Values
G – Government reforms
E- Educational reforms
S – Social Services
Added for the Build3x program of our president
- The use of local muslim dialect in elementary schools
- Scholarships to colleges & universities
- Development of Mindanao
- Golden Mosque in Quiapo, Manila
- Islamis studies Institute (UP)
- Islamic Affairs Ministry
- Tripoli Agreement (Autonomous region on the Muslim Mindanao)
A. Policy for our Muslim Brothers
- Assured the safety of the US military bases (Subic Naval Bases & Clark Air Base)
- ASEAN + Opened diplomatic relations with 14 more countries (Yugoslovia & Romania)
- 1975: opened diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic of China
- 1976: with Minister Romula, opened w USSR
- Exchanged ambassadors with 54 countries and had consulates in 23 countries
B. Foreign Relation during the Marcos Era
Jan 17, 1973
- The new ph. Constitution was approved therefore the 1935 was ablolished
- Here comes 1973 constitution, in that constitution Marcos was allowed to run for president
June 16, 1981
- Marcos won the election after he lifted the martial law in January 1981 there no more martial law
- There was already a proclamation to stop the martial law in January 15, 1981
- First presidential election after martial law and marcos won as president again
C. The lifting of martial law
- in this constitution The president will serve as 6 years and can be reelected after serving 6 years
- 4th Philippine Republic began and there was only one president who is Marcos (1981-1987)
1973 constitution (4th Philippine republic)
D. THE APEX OF THE MARCOS REGIME
visit of pope francis
failure to vote = imprisonment
under?
- ECONOMIC CRISIS
- LARGE BUDGETARY DEFICITS
- EXTERNAL DEBT ACCUMULATIONS
- FOREIGN LOANS
- CUMULATIVE CAPITAL FLIGHTS
- ISSUE OF CORRUPTION
E. THE BEGINNING OF THE END
